1. 7 May 2007
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [PHY Layer Submission for c]
Date Submitted: [7 May 2007]
Source: [André Bourdoux, Stefaan Derore, Jimmy Nsenga, Wim Van Thillo - IMEC]
Address [Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium]
Voice:[ ], FAX: [ ],
Re: [TG3c technical requirements]
Abstract: []
Purpose: [Proposed PHY layer for IEEE c 60 GHz WPANs]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
André Bourdoux, IMEC

2. 7 May 2007
Introduction
Proposal for the PHY layer of IEEE c in response to CFP 07/586r2.
Targets the high data rates Requirements of TG3c ( )
Up to 3 Gbps including overheads
3 channels channelization
Suitable for integration in full CMOS
Carefull analysis to reduce of 60 GHz front-end impact
André Bourdoux, IMEC

3. Criteria for good Air Interface
7 May 2007
Criteria for good Air Interface
Low cost
Low power consumption
Modest FE requirements
Low channel equalization complexity
André Bourdoux, IMEC

4. What is not in this presentation/proposal ?
7 May 2007
What is not in this presentation/proposal ?
MAC impact or modifications
Preamble/pilot design
Specific mapping and/or coding scheme (e.g. unequal error protection) for the support of video
We concentrate on the careful selection of the modulation/equalization scheme towards low cost, low power consumption and easy system-on-a-chip implementation
André Bourdoux, IMEC

5. Air interface selection
7 May 2007
Air interface selection
Battery-powered terminal
Power amplifier and DAC/ADC are critical power consumer
LOS or NLOS, directional or omni-directional antennas
Low-to-high multipath propagation
(Quasi-)constant envelope modulations
Optional CP for frequency domain equalization
PSK-based: CP-M-PSK
CPM-based: CP-GMSK
André Bourdoux, IMEC

6. LOS - option 1 Receiver “decides” LOS - option 2 Transmitter “decides”
7 May 2007
OFDM / SC-FDE / SC
Transmitter
Receiver
OFDM
IFFT
CPI
Channel
CPR
FFT
FDE
Detector
NLOS
CPI
Channel
CPR
FFT
FDE
IFFT
Detector
LOS - option 1 Receiver “decides”
SC solution
CPI
Channel
CPR
Single-tap equalizer
Detector
LOS - option 2 Transmitter “decides”
Channel
Single-tap equalizer
Detector
CPI: Cyclic Prefix Insertion CPR: Cyclic Prefix Removal SC: Single-carrier FDE: Frequency Domain Equalizer
André Bourdoux, IMEC

7. Cyclic prefix addition
7 May 2007
Cyclic prefix addition
Complexity is negligible
Requires buffering of small part of the payload data
CP length is programmable (0, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 and 1/4)
For CP-M-PSK:
Payload data N-1
CP N
Payload data N
CP N+1
Payload data N+1
For CP-GMSK:
Payload data N-1
CP N
Payload data N
CP N+1
Payload data N+1
Midamble (4 bits)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

8. M-PSK and CP-M-PSK Transmitter
7 May 2007
M-PSK and CP-M-PSK Transmitter
Coding & Mapping 2
Pulse shaping filter
DAC
Add CP
André Bourdoux, IMEC

9. M-PSK and CP-M-PSK Receiver
7 May 2007
M-PSK and CP-M-PSK Receiver
Single-tap time-domain equalizer
Digital filter 2
Demapping & Decoding
ADC
Remove CP
Freq-domain equalizer (FFT + equal. + IFFT)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

10. GMSK and CP-GMSK Transmitter
7 May 2007
GMSK and CP-GMSK Transmitter
Coding & Mapping 2
Pulse shaping filter
Phase Accum.
Look-up table.
DAC
Add CP and midamble
2πh
FM modulator
André Bourdoux, IMEC

11. GMSK and CP-GMSK Receiver
7 May 2007
GMSK and CP-GMSK Receiver
Matched filter
Threshold detector
Demapping & Decoding
ADC
Remove CP
FFT (size 2N)
Equal. (size 2N)
Filterbank
IFFT (size N)
Metric calculation
Viterbi
Midamble deletion
André Bourdoux, IMEC

12. System parameters (1) CP-M-PSK Block length: 512 symbols
7 May 2007
System parameters (1)
CP-M-PSK
Block length: 512 symbols
CP length: 0, 16, 32, 64, 128 symbols
Maximum symbol rate: Gsymb/s
TX filter roll-off: 0.2  BW = 2 GHz
Carrier spacing: (1+15%)BW = 2.3 GHz
Bit rate (CP=25%, CR=3/4):
BPSK: 1 Gbps
QPSK: 2 Gbps
8-PSK: 3 Gbps
André Bourdoux, IMEC

13. System parameters (2) CP-GMSK Block length: 512 symbols
7 May 2007
System parameters (2)
CP-GMSK
Block length: 512 symbols
CP length: 0, 16, 32, 64, 128 symbols
Maximum symbol rate: Gsymb/s
CPM pulse shape: Gaussian, length 3
Carrier spacing: (1+15%)BW = 2.3 GHz
Bit rate (CP=25%, CR=3/4): 1 Gbps
André Bourdoux, IMEC

14. Coded bit rate @ highest sample rate (3.333 Gsamples/s)
7 May 2007
System parameters (3)
Coded bit highest sample rate (3.333 Gsamples/s)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

15. 7 May 2007
PSD of M-PSK without
André Bourdoux, IMEC

16. 7 May 2007
PSD of M-PSK with PA
André Bourdoux, IMEC

17. 7 May 2007
PSD of GMSK
André Bourdoux, IMEC

18. Modeled non-idealities
7 May 2007
Modeled non-idealities
PA: modified Rapp model
AM-AM: p = 1.1, G = 16 (12 dB)
AM-PM: q = 4.5, A = -885, B =
ADC:
Resolution:
5 bits ENOB for M-PSK
4 bits ENOB for GMSK
Clipping level: 2xVrms
Phase noise:
-87 dBc/Hz
- 20 dB/dec from 1 MHz
-140 dBc/Hz floor
-87 dBc/Hz
-140 dBc/Hz
-20 dB/decade
PSD (dBc/Hz)
1 MHz
Δf (Hz)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

19. Uncoded BER Performances
7 May 2007
Uncoded BER Performances
Ideal case
CM13 – Single-tap time-domain equalizer (quasi LOS)
CM13 – Frequency-domain equalizer
CM23 – Frequency-domain equalizer
CM31 – Frequency-domain equalizer
Combined non-idealities
PA + ADC + Phase noise (with tracking)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

20. 7 May 2007
Ideal case
André Bourdoux, IMEC

21. Non-ideal case (PA, ADC and PN)
7 May 2007
Non-ideal case (PA, ADC and PN)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

22. GMSK and CP-GMSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
7 May 2007
GMSK and CP-GMSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
André Bourdoux, IMEC

23. BPSK and CP-BPSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
7 May 2007
BPSK and CP-BPSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
André Bourdoux, IMEC

24. QPSK and CP-QPSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
7 May 2007
QPSK and CP-QPSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
André Bourdoux, IMEC

25. 8-PSK and CP-8-PSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
7 May 2007
8-PSK and CP-8-PSK Sensitivity to non-idealities
André Bourdoux, IMEC

26. 7 May 2007
Manufacturability
André Bourdoux, IMEC

27. 7 May 2007
Zero-IF Transceiver
André Bourdoux, IMEC

28. Analog Transceiver power consumption
7 May 2007
Analog Transceiver power consumption
45 nm CMOS process (except PA)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

29. Digital Receivers power consumption
7 May 2007
Digital Receivers power consumption
45 nm CMOS process (except PA)
André Bourdoux, IMEC

30. 7 May 2007
Conclusion
Single carrier can cope with LOS and non-LOS channels easily
Avoids PAPR problem of OFDM low cost, low power ADC and PA
Easily upgradable to higher constellations
Two classes of devices possible:
For LOS scenarios (simple receiver)
For NLOS scenarios (frequency domain equalizer)
Easy manufacturability in cheap 45 nm CMOS processes
André Bourdoux, IMEC

31. 7 May 2007
Back-up Slides
André Bourdoux, IMEC

32. CPM parameters reminder
7 May 2007
CPM parameters reminder
log2M bits/symbol
Pulse shape and length (rect, raised cos, gaussian, …)
[Anderson, “Digital Phase Modulation”, 1986, Springer (Plenum Press)]
André Bourdoux, IMEC

33. Achieving spectral efficiency with CPM
7 May 2007
Achieving spectral efficiency with CPM
3COS,M=4,h=0.25
Good spectral performance
3COS,M=2,h=0.5 Low complexity
3COS,M=4,h=0.5 Good error performance
André Bourdoux, IMEC

34. 7 May 2007
OFDM vs SC
André Bourdoux, IMEC