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December to July 1863
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Battle of Fredericksburg Fredericksburg, Virginia December 11-15, 1862
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Battle of Fredericksburg
Union General Ambrose Burnside (replaces McClellan)
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Battle of Fredericksburg
Confederate General: Robert E. Lee
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Battle of Fredericksburg
-Union tries to capture Richmond (Confederate capital) -Burnside’s troops are slaughtered -He is replaced 6 weeks later
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Battle of Fredericksburg
“It is well that war is so terrible, or we should grow too fond of it.”
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Results of the Battle of Fredericksburg
Union troops: 100,007 Confederate troops: 72,497 Estimated casualties: 17,929 Union: 13,353 Confederate: 4,576 Win for the South
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Battle of Stones River Murfreesboro, TN
December 21, 1862-January 2, 1863
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Battle of Stones River Union General: -William Rosecrans
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Battle of Stones River Confederate General: -Braxton Bragg
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Battle of Stones River Had the highest number of casualties for both sides Ends Confederates trying to take Middle Tennessee
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Battle of Stones River Results
Union troops: 41,400 Confederate troops: 35,000 Estimated casualties: 24,645 Win for the North
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Spotsylvania County, Virginia April 30-May 6, 1863
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Union general: Joseph Hooker (Burnside’s replacement)
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Confederate General: Robert E. Lee
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Union tries to take Fredericksburg ends up fighting in Chancellorsville Stonewall Jackson leads attack on Hooker Jackson shot by own troops Union army cut in half and retreats Last major victory for Lee
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Stonewall Jackson’s left arm is amputated He dies of pneumonia a few days later
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Battle of Chancellorsville Results
Union troops: 97,382 Confederate troops: 57,352 Estimated casualties: 30,764 The South wins-considered Lee’s greatest victory
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Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863
Battle of Gettysburg Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863
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Battle of Gettysburg Union commander: George Meade
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Battle of Gettysburg Confederate General: Robert E. Lee
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Battle of Gettysburg -Lee attacks in Union territory
-Doesn’t realize Union troops are encamped closer to town
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Battle of Gettysburg -J.E.B. Stuart (Confederate) has been on raiding parties, not scouting the enemy -Lee’s troops run into Meade’s troops while (allegedly) stealing boots in town
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Day One: July 1, 1863 -Union troops pushed out of the town
-They regroup at Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill
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Day One: July 1, 1863 -Ewell hesitates, Union gets defensive position
-Lee orders Ewell to attack immediately so Union forces aren’t entrenched -Ewell hesitates, Union gets defensive position
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Day One continued -Longstreet (Confederate) thinks Union position is impossible to overrun -Told Lee the army should move east, take a strong defensive and wait for the Union to attack -Lee doesn’t agree, thinks his troops can do anything
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Day Two: July 2, 1863 Lee orders an attack on the left side of the Union line Needs to capture Little Round Top from Union forces Rebels would fire down on Union troops from this spot
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Day Two continued Fighting fierce on south side of the hill
20th Maine (led by Chamberlain) vs. 15th Alabama (led by Oates) Maine wins
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Day Two continued Confederates unsuccessfully attack Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill
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Day Three: July 3 -Longstreet tries to convince Lee AGAIN not to attack -Lee decides to attack Union forces in the center of Cemetery Ridge
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Day Three continued Pickett’s Charge
George Pickett led the 1 mile charge up the center of the ridge with 15,000 men
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Day Three continued Pickett’s Charge
Confederates retreat with casualties on the field Lee told the survivors, “It’s all my fault.”
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The Battle of Gettysburg Results
Union troops: 93,921 Confederate troops: 71,699 Estimated casualties: 51,112 -Lee’s troops never attacked the North again -Offered his resignation to Davis
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Gettysburg Address Speech given by Lincoln at the dedication of the Gettysburg battlefield cemetery
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Vicksburg, Mississippi May 18-July 4, 1863
The Siege of Vicksburg Vicksburg, Mississippi May 18-July 4, 1863
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Siege of Vicksburg Grant’s troop spend months firing on the city.
Food and supplies were cut off from civilians….people resorted to living in caves and eating horses, dogs and rats.
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Siege of Vicksburg Pemberton (Confederate) finally surrenders on July 4, 1863 The city of Vicksburg refused to celebrate the 4th of July for the next 81 years (WW2) This battle is one of the turning points of the war The North now controls the Mississippi River
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Siege of Vicksburg Results
Union troops: 77,000 Confederate troops: 33,000 Estimated casualties: 37,402 Union: 4,910 Confederates: 32,492 Union wins
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