1. THE CIVIL WAR ________-________
Union vs __________

2. Union Leaders

3. Abraham Lincoln
_________ of the US during the Civil War who insisted that the Union be ____________________, by force if necessary.

4. Ulysses Grant
Union military commander, who won victories over the South after several Union commanders had _____________

5. Frederick Douglass
He urged Lincoln to recruit ______________________to fight in the Union army.

6. Confederate Leaders

7. Jefferson Davis
___________ of the Confederate States of America

8. Robert E. Lee Confederate general of the Army of ___________ VA.
Opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together ______________

9. Union Advantages

11. Larger Population
More troops

13. More factories More supplies (guns, railroads,weapons)

14. Confederate Advantages

15. Military Colleges in South
___________Generals
Fighting for “freedom” (________ will to win)

16. Battles and Their Results

17. Fort Sumter
Charleston Harbor (SC)
__________ confrontation of the Civil War

18. Bull Run (Manassas) Northern VA
Demonstrated that war would __________________quickly
Southern victory

19. Antietam / Sharpsburg
This Union victory led to the issuance of the ____________________
Bloodiest battle of war

20. Emancipation Proclamation
Issued by Lincoln after Antietam
Freed those slaves located in “rebelling states” (_____________ Southern states)
Made the _________________ of slavery a Northern war aim
Discouraged any interference by foreign governments

21. Gettysburg Union victory and ________________of the war.
Lincoln dedicated a national cemetery here and gave the “Gettysburg Address.”

22. Gettysburg Address “Four _______ and seven years ago…”
Lincoln described the Civil War as a struggle to preserve a nation that was dedicated to the proposition that “all men are created ________” and that was ruled by a government “of the people, by the people and for the people.”
Lincoln believed America was “one nation,” not a collection of sovereign states while the South believed that states had freely joined the Union and could freely leave.

23. Sherman’s march to the sea
Gen. Sherman led a march through the ___________
He burned every city and farm he passed through
Wanted to _____________the Southern economy

24. _________, 1865
Richmond falls to Union General Grant

25. Appomattox Court House
April 9, 1865 ____________surrenders to Grant
Lee urged southerners to ____________ defeat

26. And once the war was over. . .

27. Economic and Social Impact of War

28. Over $____ billion spent ______of the wealth of the South destroyed
Economic cost
Over $____ billion spent
______of the wealth of the South destroyed

29. Northern economy grew ____%
Industries increased production to create material for war
North and Midwest emerged with strong and __________________ industrial economies

30. Northern economy grew 50%
Set the stage for the emergence of the US as a global power by the beginning of the _______th century.
Completion of the transcontinental railroad intensified the __________________________of settlers into the states between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean

31. South left embittered and devastated by war.
Farms, railroads, factories destroyed
Agricultural labor system destroyed
Many ________________ (former slaves) migrated north and west
Disorganized society

32. South left embittered and devastated by war.
Shortage of food, shelter and jobs
Richmond and __________ in ruins
Will remain a backward, agriculture-based economy and the_____________section of the nation for many decades

33. Political Results Established power of _____________________Party
Strengthened concept of “union”
North dominated government
Led to emergence of powerful Democratic Party in South (the “______________________”)

34. Reconstruction

35. Reconstruction 1865-1877 Re-building of the South after the Civil War
Process of re-admitting _________________ states back into the United States

36. Lincoln’s Plan
Pardon all Southerners who swear ____________ to the Union
Confederate leaders and war criminals arrested for treason

37. Lincoln’s Plan
Once ______% of voting population did so, the States could form ____________and send representatives to Congress

38. Lincoln Assassinated April ______, 1865
Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes __________ at Ford’s Theater

39. Lincoln Assassinated Lincoln dies next day
Andrew ____________assumes presidency

40. Andrew Johnson’s Plan
Same as Lincoln’s Plan
PLUS each former Confederate State had to ratify _______________ Amendment

41. 13th Amendment - ends slavery ________________ 1865

42. Congress and Pres. Johnson clash over Reconstruction Plans

43. ______________ Republicans’ Plan
Leader Thaddeus Stevens
Believed the States did secede
Wanted to __________ the Southern States for the rebellion

44. Radical Republicans’ Plan
Congress had the constitutional power to _________________ the States not the President
Wanted all African Americans to be given full citizenship and _______________rights

45. Southern Punishment _______________ Reconstruction Act of 1867
Divided south into ________ military controlled districts

46. Southern Punishment
_______________ Bureau - provided food, medicine, and education to freed Blacks
14th Amendment
defined citizenship to include former slaves; banned discrimination

47. Impeachment
Congress passes the Tenure of Office Act to control Johnson.
He defies it and is impeached.
He falls _________________short of being removed from office.

48. End of Reconstruction

49. Ulysses S. Grant Elected President in __________ as a Republican
Victory made possible by ____________American votes

50. Ulysses S. Grant
15th Amendment passed to ensure that ________rights not be denied because of race

51. Blacks take political office in South
______________________
First black senator from the state of Mississippi

52. Southerners curtail civil rights
_____________Klan
Terrorist group that intimidated African Americans from exercising their rights

53. Southerners curtail civil rights
______________
laws that restricted the political and economic activities of African Americans.

54. New Labor Systems in the South

55. Sharecropping
Former slaves farmed someone else’s land and paid the landowner at least _____________of the crop.

56. Sharecropping
Plantation owners discovered sharecropping was ____________ for them than slavery

57. Tenant Farmers
Former Slaves who used cash to _______________farms on plantations

58. Election of 1872
Radical Republicans began to __________________power and control of Congress.

59. Election of 1876
Republican Rutherford B Haynes lost the _____________ vote to Samuel Tilden
Electoral College vote was in _____________

60. Compromise of 1877
Southern Democrats promised to give ___________ their electoral votes if he removed the military from the South
Haynes agreed and removed all federal _____________ when he took over as President

61. Compromise of 1877 Southern Democrats take over the South
Southern Democrats begin return to ________________ power.
Reconstruction is over.
The door is open to the “______________________Era”.