1. Eudicots
Also known as “tricolpates” because of the unifying synapomorphy of pollen with three pores.
4 main groups
“Basal Tricolpates”
Caryophyllids
Rosids
Asterids
The last two of these are enormous groups, containing well over half of the flowering plants.

2. Basal Tricolpates Familiar families include Ranunculaceae
Berberidaceae
Papaveraceae
Platanaceae

3. Ranunculaceae – Buttercup family (47/2000)
Ranunculus sp.

4. Ranunculaceae – diversity of flower shapes

5. Papaveraceae – Poppy family
Bloodroot – Sanguinaria canadensis
Fruit of opium poppy, Papaver somniferum

6. Other families of Basal Tricolpates
Berberidaceae: Podophyllum peltatum
Other families of Basal Tricolpates
Platanaceae: Platanus occidentalis
(sycamore)

7. Caryophyllid Clade Two large orders: Caryophyllales and Polygonales
Long recognized as a close-knit group (Englerian order Centrospermae)
Embryo curved around periphery of seed
Betalain pigments in many families
Important families include
Caryophyllaceae
Amaranthaceae
Cactaceae
Polygonaceae
Droseraceae (sundews & Venus flytrap)

8. Caryophyllaceae – Pink family (70/2200)
Herbs with opposite leaves, swollen nodes
5 sepals, 5 notched/jagged petals
Free-central placentation; capsule
Anthocyanins, not betalains

9. Amaranthaceae – Amaranth family (169/2360)
Small inconspicuous flowers (bracts may be showy)
Fruit an achene
Includes:
Weeds (pigweed, goosefoot)
Edible plants (beet, spinach, grain amaranth)
Ornamentals (Celosia, Gomphrena)
Many salt-tolerant species (Salicornia)

10. Amaranthaceae Celosia sp. Amaranthus sp. (pigweed)
Salicornia virginica
(Glasswort)

11. Cactaceae – Cactus family (93/1400)
Succulent stems, leaves reduced to spines
Inferior ovary
Classified in Caryophyllales based on embryo, betalains, many other characters.
Native distribution in N & S America only.

12. Polygonaceae – Knotweed family (43/1100)
Flowers uniseriate, often inconspicuous but sepals sometimes petaloid
Stipule forming a tubular sheath (ocrea) above the node
Includes:
Weeds (Rumex)
Crops (Buckwheat, rhubarb)
Some shrubs or trees (Coccoloba)

13. Polygonaceae

14. Droseraceae