1. Overview of the Dentitions
Chapter 15

2. Crown and Root Crown Root Anatomical Clinical Single Bifurcated
Trifurcated

3. Root(s) Single Bifurcated Trifurcated
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. Mosby, 1998, p. 245, 248.

4. Tooth Tissues Enamel Dentin Cementum Pulp
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. Mosby, 1998, p. 247

5. Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. Mosby, 1998, p

6. Enamel Outer layer Hardest tissue in the body
Mostly inorganic (96%), little organic (4%)

7. Dentin Main portion Can add to itself
Secondary dentin: formed in the pulp chamber after the tooth erupts
Reparative dentin localized formation due to occlusal trauma or caries

8. Cementum Bonelike structure that covers the root Cementoblasts
Cellular and acellular
50% inorganic, 50% organic

9. Pulp Nourishing, sensory, and dentin-reparitive system of the tooth
Composition: blood vessels, lymph vessels, connective tissues, nerve tissue, and odontoblasts
Pulp chamber (including pulp horns) and pulp canals

10. Surfaces of Teeth Mesial Distal Buccal/facial Lingual/palatal
Occlusal/incisal
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 255.

11. Division of Surfaces Mesial, middle, and distal third
Facial/buccal, middle, and lingual third
Incisal/occlusal, middle, and cervical third
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 256.

12. Division of Surfaces

13. Line Angles Formed by the junction of two surfaces
Drop “al” and add “o”, except when followed by an “o”.
Hyphenate preceding an “occlusal”
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 257.

14. Point Angles Point at which three surfaces meet.
Drop “al” and add “o”, except when followed by an “o”.
Some hyphenate preceding an “occlusal”

15. Point Angles Point at which three surfaces meet.
Drop “al” and add “o”, except when followed by an “o”.
Some hyphenate preceding an “occlusal”

16. Landmarks Lobe: Growth center
Developmental grooves: separate primary parts of the crown or root
Fossa: depression or concavity
Cingulum: 4th growth center or lobe on the lingual surface
Ridge: Linear, elevated portion of a tooth
Marginal ridges: rounded borders of enamel
Concavity: cavelike
Convex: bulging out

17. Lobes Structures. 6th Ed. 1998, p. 340
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 259.

18. Developmental Groove, Triangular Ridge, Fossa, and Pit
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 261.

19. Ridges, Fossa, and Tubercles
Max. R Central (lingual view)
Distal marginal ridge
Mesial marginal ridge
Incisal marginal ridge
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 260.

20. Ridges and Fossa Max. R Central (lingual view) Incisal marginal ridge
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 260.

21. Cingulum: 4th Growth center or lobe
Three facial lobes
One lingual lobe
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 261.

22. Transverse Ridge Union of two ridges
Formed by the ridges of the buccal and lingual cusps
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 261.

23. Convex and Concave Convex Concave Convex Concave
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 252, 263.

24. Arrangement of Teeth Dentition Primary Secondary Arches Maxillary
Mandibular
Quadrants
Max. R
Max. L
Mand. L 3
Mand. R 4
Dentition
Primary
Secondary
Arches
Maxillary
Mandibular
Quadrants
Max. R
Max. L
Mand. L 3
Mand. R 4

25. Dentition
Primary
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 278.

26. Dentition
Secondary
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 277.

27. Arches
Maxillary
Mandibular

28. Midline (Midsagittal plane)

29. Quadrants
Max. R
Max. L
Mand. L 3
Mand. R 4

30. Succedaneous and Non-succedaneous
Succedaneous: Permanent teeth that replace or suceed the deciduous teeth (ex.: # 4)
Non-succedaneous: Permanent teeth that do not replace deciduous teeth (ex.: #3) 4 3 A C
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

31. Succedaneous and Non-succedaneous
Is # 5 succedaneous or nonsuccedaneous? 3 A C
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

32. Succedaneous and Non-succedaneous
# 5 is succedaneous. 3 5 A C
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

33. Succedaneous and Non-succedaneous
Is # 30 succedaneous or non-succedaneous? 30
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

34. Succedaneous and Non-succedaneous
# 30 is non-succedaneous. 30
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

35. Mixed Dentition One or more primary teeth present
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

36. Naming Teeth Universal (A-T, 1-32) Palmer (Right angles and 1-8)
FDI (ISO) System (Quadrants 1-4, Numbers1-8)

37. Universal Letters: A-T
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 281.

38. Universal
#s: 1-32
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 280.

39. Palmer System
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 279.

40. Palmer System
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 293.

41. Palmer System
What does this equate to
in the Universal System? 3

42. Palmer System
Answer: # 6 3
Universal System

43. Palmer System
What does this equate to
in the Universal System? 5

44. Palmer System
Answer: # 20 5
Universal System

45. Federation Dentaire Internationale System (FDI)
Secondary
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 283.

46. Federation Dentaire Internationale System (FDI)
Primary teeth
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 284.

47. Federation Dentaire Internationale System (FDI)
What is the
equivalent of
46 in the
Universal
System?

48. Federation Dentaire Internationale System (FDI)46 30
Answer: #30
Answer: #30

49. Case Scenario
Your 17 year old male patient informs you that he is having his 8s taken out next week. What is he referring to in the Universal System?

50. Case Scenario
8s = #s: 1, 16, 17, and 32 (Wisdom teeth)

51. Development, Form, and Eruption

52. Development and Form As early as the sixth week of fetal life
(7-8 months before birth), tooth buds or germs are found

53. Crypts: cavities in the alveolar process, later becomes a tooth socket
Calcification: hardening, begins the fourth month of fetal life. Crown first, then root.
Crypts: cavities in the alveolar process, later becomes a tooth socket
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 287.

54. Mamelons: incisal ridges of the three labial developmental lobes
Developmental grooves: Divisions of the developmental lobes, also separate the mamelons.
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 287.

55. Lobes Anterior: 4 Premolars: 4 (exception: some mand. 2nd premolars)
1st Molars: 5
2nd Molars: 4
3rd Molars: variable
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 287.

56. Lobes Anterior: 4 3 facial and 1 lingual Side view
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 287.

57. Lobes Premolar: 4 3 facial and 1 lingual
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 287.

58. Lobes 1st, 2nd, and 3rd molars 1st 2nd 3rd
Molars decrease in size the more posteriorly they are located.
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 289.

59. Lobes
How many lobes does #4 have?

60. Lobes
Answer: #4 has 4 lobes.

61. More Words Exfoliation: normal process of losing the primary dentition
Resorption: Roots lost
Impacted teeth: teeth that are embedded in bone or soft tissue that do not erupt
Attrition: wearing away of the occlusal or incisal surfaces
Occlusal plane: curved line of occlusal surfaces (Curve of Spee)
Edentulous: no teeth

62. Exfoliation , Resorption, and Impactions
White and Pharoah. Oral Radiology. Fourth Ed. Mosby, p. 363.

63. Attrition
White and Pharoah. Oral Radiology. Fourth Ed. Mosby, p. 327.

64. Curve of Spee

65. Edentulous

66. Edematous Gingiva

67. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
Holden and Charlick. Dental Anatomy, 1974, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, p. 304.

68. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
Central
Lateral
First molar
Canine
Second molar
7 – 28 months of age
Holden and Charlick. Dental Anatomy, 1974, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, p. 304.

69. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
Does the maxillary or mandibular teeth come first?
Central –mand.
Lateral – max.
First molar – max.
Canine – max.
Second molar – mand.
Holden and Charlick. Dental Anatomy, 1974, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, p. 304.

70. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
List the following in order of eruption.
Central
Lateral
Canine
First molar
Second molar

71. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
List the following in order of eruption.
Central First
Lateral Second
Canine Fourth
First molar Third
Second molar Last

72. Eruptive Pattern for the Primary Dentition
Answer: First molar erupts before the canine
Central - 1
Lateral - 2
Canine - 4
First molar - 3
First molar - 5
Holden and Charlick. Dental Anatomy, 1974, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, p. 304

73. Eruptive Pattern for the Permanent Dentition
Holden and Charlick. Dental Anatomy, 1974, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, p. 305.

74. Eruptive Pattern for the Permanent Dentition
6 year molars, central incisors
Mandibular before maxillary, erupt in pairs R and L
Girls before boys in permanent dentition 8 3 30 25
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

75. Eruptive Pattern
7 years, central incisors in, mand. lateral precedes max. lateral 7 26
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

76. Eruptive Pattern
7 years, central incisors in, mand. lateral precedes max. lateral 7 26
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

77. Eruptive Pattern 9 years, central and lateral incisors in
Next will come the mand. cuspid (sometimes max. 1st premolar) 7 8 26 25
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

78. Eruptive Pattern 9 years, central and lateral incisors in
Next will come the mand. cuspid (sometimes max. 1st premolar) 7 8 26 25
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

79. Eruptive Pattern 10 – 11 years: mand. cuspid max. 1st premolar
mand. 1st premolar 5 28 27
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

80. Eruptive Pattern
12 year molars (2nd molars), premolars and max. cuspid are in. 2 4 6 29 31
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

81. Eruptive Pattern Age 15 – 21: 3rd molars 1 2 32 31
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

82. Eruptive Pattern
Generally speaking, does the mandibular or maxillary teeth come in first?
Mandibular 1 2
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

83. Eruptive Pattern What is the exception? Maxillary premolars 1 2
Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. 6th Ed. , Mosby, 1998, p. 291.

84. Case Scenerio What is the approximate age of this patient?
4 - 5 years old
6 - 7 years old
8 - 9 years old
10 – 11 years old 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, P
. 383.

85. Case Scenerio What is the approximate age of this patient?
4 - 5 years old
6 - 7 years old
8 - 9 years old
10 – 11 years old 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, P
. 383.

86. Case Scenerio What is the approximate age of this patient?
6 - 8 years old
years old
13 – 17 years old 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, p. 382.

87. Case Scenerio What is the approximate age of this patient?
6 - 8 years old
years old
13 – 17 years old
Notice that the root on the
second molar is not fully
developed. 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, p. 382.

88. Case Scenerio What is the approximate age of this patient?
6 - 8 years old
years old
13 – 17 years old 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, p. 382.

89. Case Scenerio 6 - 8 years old 10 - 11 years old 13 – 17 years old
What is the approximate
age of this patient?
6 - 8 years old
years old
13 – 17 years old 1 2
Frommer. Radiology for Dental Auxiliaries 7th Ed. Mosby, p. 382.