1. Discuss at least two differences occurring in these two photos

2. Types of Farming

3. AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES CAN BE DIVIDED IN TWO WAYS:
1. Type of Farming
2. Farming Practices

4. FARMING CAN BE DESCRIBED AS DIRECTED TOWARD EITHER SUBSISTENCE OR CASH-CROPPING

5. Subsistence Farming:
Subsistence farmers grow crops and raise livestock to meet the immediate food needs of their families
Produce many different agricultural products, often on small farms
Any surplus production may be sold or traded to meet the family’s other needs
This is the dominant form of agriculture in developing countries

6. Cash-Crop Farming:
Cash-Crop farmers’ produce is sold in local and world markets
Very large farms
They may not use any of the products they grow or raise
This is the dominant form of agriculture in more developed countries

7. Farming practices can be described as either intensive or extensive:

8. Intensive Agriculture:
Involves farming a small amount of land in a concentrated fashion
Uses large amounts of labour and capital
The application of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides

9. Intensive Agriculture (cont...)
The purchase and maintenance of planting, cultivating, and harvesting machinery
Produces high crop yields per unit of land
Typical forms of intensive farming include: fruit and vegetable growing, vineyards, livestock feedlots, hog factory farms

10. Extensive Agriculture:
Uses large amounts of land with limited amounts of labour and capital
The crop yields depend primarily on natural soil fertility, terrain, climate, and the availability of water
Produces low crop yields per unit of land
Examples include grain and oil-seed farming, ranching, and most forms of mixed farming

11. INTENSIVE
SUBSISTENCE FARMING
CASH-CROP FARMING
EXTENSIVE

12. Organic Farming
Organic farming uses no synthetic chemicals or fertilizers.
The farmer relies on crop rotation and tillage to maintain weeds and build up organic matter.
It is limited in the types of crops grown, which are mainly cereals.
The soil may take on a physical difference after several years of organic farming. It has more organic matter in it and particles adhere more.
As a result, there is less silt and erosion is minimal.
Farmers also claim that the profit margin is quite good.