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Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism

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Presentation on theme: "Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism"— Presentation transcript:

1 Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism
Definition, Causes & Ideology

2 Definition of Imperialism
When a country controls another country or region. Imperialism almost always hurts the controlled country. Control political leaders, the economy (what people make and how), the military and/or the culture (what language people speak, internalized racism, religion, etc.) How? : with military force, violence --- but, also with help of local leaders, and media (newspapers, schools, television, etc.)

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4 Europe and the Rest of the World: 1780s-1950s

5 Reasons for Imperialism
Economic: want natural resources from around the world (land, coal, minerals) and consumers (to sell goods) Political: competition among imperialists; more colonies = more prestige (masculinity); distraction from population rebellion (think strikes!) Religious/Cultural: belief religion/culture is best; everybody should follow (ideological white supremacy). Military: control countries to set up military bases; exert power on regions

6 Justifications for Domination
Imperialists never say: yea, so I’m going to abuse you. Justifications: what is expressed publicly Humanitarian Mission: to help the colonized; under other dominion, or stupid Civilization: the colonized are stupid/backward; must civilize them for their own good! Self Defense: the colonized are a threat! Must destroy/control them before they destroy us Sounds familiar? 

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9 The Frontier and Manifest Destiny
To most white Americans, the western territories represented a “frontier” – as in, the edge of civilization, where (of course) white people were in the minority. This Frontier was considered “closed” in the 1890s (white migration & Manifest Destiny complete) Manifest Destiny, Part II: US should own colonies and spread democracy/freedom Hawaii, Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Panama, China, Latin America

10 Native Americans and Imperialism
Shawnee and Sioux consistently pushed back; western land valuable; reservation = obstacle NA described as savage, stupid, useless – don’t have right to land; prevent civilization Walker: give only necessary land (take rest); reservation = control people and change them Dawes Act (1887): break up reservation and integrate NA into white society More IWS & Profit (17.4 Million acres in 1891)

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12 Minerals and Invasions of Native American Land
1864 Sand Creek Massacre: Colorado Gov allows white invasion of Cheyenne reservation leads to massacre of 133 people Great Sioux War: Sioux fight Americans to standstill when miners/military leaders tried to take land (Dakota region) 1876 Custer’s Last Stand: CW veteran tries to take gold-ore land from Sioux; 2-4,000 Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapho warriors defeat him; all NA defeated Nez Perce, s: (Washington/Oregon) – friendly, helpful NA nation (fed Lewis/Clark Expedition); discovery of gold leads to settlers and miners Forced to sell land at 2 cents per acre; moved to a reservation Before move, they are attacked by US military, chased, made to surrender, sent to Oklahoma and then back to Oregon

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14 Guided Practice Compare and Contrast U.S. expansionism in the early 1800s to the late 1800s and early 1900s.

15 1. How did the Industrial Revolution lead to American expansionism/imperialism. 2. How did the closing of the American frontier lead to American expansionism? Sentence starters: The Industrial Revolution led to American expansionism because___________. American expansionism is related to the Industrial Revolution _________ The closing of the American frontier led to American expansionism because______, ______ and _____________.


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