1. Chapter 7 Becoming a World Power
Section 2 part 1
The Spanish American War
Pages

2. The Coming of War
By 1898, Cuba and Puerto Rico were Spain’s last remaining colonies
Cubans often revolted against Spain
The US issued a declaration of war against Spain to “help” Cubans
The “splendid little war” as Sec of State Jon Hay described it only lasted 4 months but it dramatically altered the position of the US on the world stage

3. Cuban Rebellion Begins
Sugar plantations generated considerable wealth for Spain in Cuba
1/3 of Cuban population was enslaved until Spain abolished slavery in 1886 (US 1863)

4. Jose Mati An exiled Cuban leader who was a writer and a poet
Brought together Cuban exiles living in the US
The group raised funds, purchased weapons, and trained troops for a Cuban invasion

5. Cuba and the US linked Cuba exported much of its sugar to the US
Americans invested about $50 million in Cuba’s sugar plantations, mines, and railroads
Cuba’s economy was devastated by a US tariff placed on sugar

6. Marti’s Followers New Rebellion
Launched in 1895
The seized control of eastern Cuba
Established the Republic of Cuba in September 1895

7. Yellow Journalism
Sensational reporting in which writers exaggerate and make up stories to attract readers
William Randolph Hearst and William Joseph Pulitzer were the most famous “Yellow Journalist”
The most outrageous stories were
that the Spanish were feeding the Cubans to sharks and dogs
That Cuba was covered with blood

8. What were the 4 causes of the Spanish American War
The Cuban rebellion against Spain
American desire to protect its investments in Cuba
Yellow journalism that intensified public anger
The explosion to the USS Maine

9. Spain sent General Valeriano Weyler aka the Butcher to Cuba along with200,000 troops

10. Seeking aid from the US
Cuban rebels destroyed American property hoping to get the US to intervene

11. Reconcentration Camps
To prevent Cuban villagers from helping rebels, villagers sent to camps.
Men, women, and children were herded into theses camps where tens of thousands died of starvation and disease

12. Calls for War William McKinley was president in 1897
He did not want to intervene because it would cost too many lives and hurt the economy

13. Calls for War
Spain removed the Butcher and offered the Cubans autonomy but only if Cuba remained part of the Spanish Empire
Autonomy – the quality or state of being self governed
The right to their own government

14. Calls for War Riots in Havana
Worried Americans might be attacked, President McKinley sent in the battleship USS Maine in case Americans needed to be evacuated

15. Calls for War

16. Calls for War Feb 15, 1898 the USS Maine was ripped apart by explosion
Possible reasons?
Spontaneous combustion
Mine
Act of Spanish sabotage
Remember the Maine became the rallying cry of the US

17. Calls for War Republicans wanted to go to war
fear that democrats would win the election if McKinley did not go to war
Spain declared war on the US on April 24th
For the 1st time in 50 years, the US was at war with another nation

18. War on Two Fronts
Commodore Dewey is ordered to attack the Spanish fleet based in the Philippines (Spanish colony).
The U.S. was trying to prevent the fleet from sailing east and attacking the U.S.

19. Major battles US Soldiers Rough Riders, the First Volunteer Cavalry
Near Santiago Cuba
Manila Philippines
US Soldiers
385 died in battle
2061 died from food poisoning and disease

20. The Battle for Manila
American Ships destroyed all 8 of the severely out gunned Spanish Warships

21. The Battle for Manila Bay
America seized the Island of Guam on their way to the Philippines

22. Emilio Aguinaldo A Filipino revolutionary leader
Launched a new rebellion against the Spanish
While the rebels took control of most of the island, Americans seized Manila

23. The Battle for Manila The Spanish were not prepared for war
Old warships and poorly trained crew
Tropical disease and months of fighting the rebels weakened them
The war would be decided at sea

24. The Battle for Manila Training camps for US Soldiers Unsanitary
Epidemics broke out

25. Battle for Manila
Colonel Leonard Wood was the commander of the Rough Riders
The Rough Riders were made up of cowboys, miners, and law officers

26. The Battle for Manila The Rough Riders Captured Kettle Hill
San Juan Hill

27. Medal of Honor
Four African Americans received the medal of honor for their contributions in Cuba

28. Spanish Navy
American war ships attacked the Spanish Navy as they fled. Every single Spanish ship was sunk or beached

29. Puerto Rico
United States occupied Puerto Rico after the Spanish in Santiago surrendered

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