1. deposition
the dropping of sediment or particles by water, wind, or ice

2. delta
a deposit of sediment that builds up at a
river’s mouth

3. flood-plain a deposit of sediment in a flat area along the
banks of a river

4. barrier island
a long, narrow island that forms
along the coast

5. sand dune
a mound of sand piled up
by the wind

6. glacier
a huge sheet of slowly moving ice

7. moraine
a ridge of sediment and rock left
behind when a glacier melts

8. drumlin a long oval shaped mound of soil
and rock formed from glacial deposits

9. lava
hot, melted rock that pours from
volcanoes

10. magma
molten rock in a volcano

11. fault
a crack in the rock of Earth’s crust

12. weathering The breakdown of rock at or near the earth’s surface
Chemical Weathering – e.g dissolution
by acid rain
Physical Weathering – e.g. freeze
thaw action
Biological Weathering – e.g lichen
growth

13. mechanical weathering
a type of weathering that breaks rock
into smaller pieces without changing
it chemically

14. chemical weathering a type of weathering that changes rock
into one or more
new substances

15. erosion
the movement of weathered rock from place to place

16. erosion

17. sea stack
pillars of stone
in the sea
that form
headlands

18. headland
a point of land that juts
out into the ocean

19. sea arch a formation made when waves first carve away softer
rock in the
headland

20. dam
a structure built across a river to
control its flow

21. groin a structure build at right angles to the beach to control beach
erosion

22. seawall a structure build parallel to the shore to control
beach erosion

23. beach nourishment the placement of additional sand on beaches
to protect them
from erosion

24. contour plowing the plowing of crop rows across hillsides to prevent
erosion

25. terracing
the planting of crops on terraces built into steep hillsides to
prevent erosion

26. storm drain management
system of
drains that
prevents
flooding
during heavy
rainstorms