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Plate Tectonics
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Tectonic Plates Tectonic Plates are massive, irregularly shaped slabs of solid rock, composed of the lithosphere. Plate Tectonics is the theory that describes the large-scale motions of Earth's lithosphere
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Layers of the Earth
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What is the Earth like on the inside? Core – (mantle) Crust
What is the status of the core? Hot Warm things float because of the density difference also known as the convection current Mantle flows upward from the core
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What do we need to know before we move on?
Oceanic Crust – very dense. Like cooled mantle, thin Continental Crust – Much less dense; very thick Convection current – the motion of magma inside the earth Upwelling – blob of hot magma is coming up Downwelling – blob of cool magma is going down
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How do these massive slabs of solid rock float despite their tremendous weight?
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Convection in the Earth’s Core
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Sea Floor Spreading
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Sea Floor Spreading
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Sea Floor Spreading
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Types of Boundaries Convergent Divergent Transform
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Divergent Boundaries
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Mountain building
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Divergent Boundary caused by Upwelling (blob of hot magma is coming up) Under a continent eventually makes a new ocean Under the ocean creates mid-ocean ridge
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Convergent Boundaries
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Mountain Building & Volcanoes
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Convergent Boundary caused by Downwelling
(blob of cool magma is going down) Under the ocean trench (makes volcanoes on the overriding plate) Under a continent Mountains (also volcanoes until continental collision)
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Subduction – when one plate slides under another (only oceanic crust can sink)
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Three Types of Convergent Boundaries
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Oceanic to Oceanic Crust collision
When two oceanic plates collide one subducts under the other. The one being subducted melts and pops up through the other generating volcanoes.
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Oceanic Crust to Continental Crust collision
When a continental plate collides with an oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate
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Continental to Continental Crust Collision
When two continental plates collide neither one subducts under the other so you get very high mountains but no volcanoes.
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Transform Boundaries
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Earthquakes
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