1. The Tudor Monarchs

2. The War of the Roses Civil War in England 1455-1485
The House of Lancaster vs. the House of York
Ultimately, the House of Lancaster won

3. Henry Tudor VII
Married a lady of the House of York to unite the families
Defeated King Richard III (House of York) at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485

4. Henry VIII Wanted a son to secure the Tudor line He married six times
Three children:
Mary
Elizabeth
Edward

5. Catherine of Aragon Married 1509 Daughter to the king of Spain
She bore Mary
Henry decided to divorce Catherine

6. Henry’s Break with the Church
At this time, England was a Catholic nation and a monarch could only gain a divorce with the permission of the pope
However, the pope refused to grant permission. (partly because of Catherine’s powerful allies)
Furious, Henry decided to break with the Catholic Church and established a Protestant Church of England with himself at the head
This created many troubles down the road…

7. Anne Boleyn Married 1533 She bore Elizabeth Protestant
Henry accused her of infidelity and had her beheaded in 1536

8. Jane Seymour Married 1536 (11 days after execution of Anne)
Bore Edward but died soon after
Henry probably loved her best of all his wives

9. Anne of Cleves Married 1540 An arranged marriage
Henry thought she was ugly
Divorced 1540 – the same year!

10. Catherine Howard Married 1540 She was 20, Henry was 49
The Duke of Norfolk vouched for her character and convinced the king to marry her

11. Catherine’s Howard’s Downfall
It was discovered that Catherine was having an affair with the king’s courtier, Thomas Culpeper, and that she had been with other men before her marriage
The king was very fond of Catherine and took the news very hard; however, he still had her executed for treason in 1542
The king blamed the Duke of Norfolk for what happened

12. Catherine Parr Married 1543 Looked after Henry’s children
Outlived Henry

13. Edward VI Main characters in The Prince and the Pauper
Became king at the age of nine
Protestant
Illness caused him to die after only six years

14. Lady Jane Grey Edward named his cousin Jane Grey as his successor
She was queen for only nine days – Mary took the throne and had her beheaded

15. Mary I
Determined to return England to the one true faith…Roman Catholic.
Referred to as “Bloody Mary”
Reigned for only 5 years before her death

16. Elizabeth I A strong ruler Never married
Ruled during the time of Shakespeare
Ruled for 45 years

17. The end of the Tudor line
Since Elizabeth had no children, the crown passed on to the Stewart family
In 1603 James I became king

18. The End