1. Properties of Matter Lab Review

2. Classification of Matter
Substances have a fixed composition
Elements and Compounds are pure substances
Elements can’t be broken down to simpler substances
Compounds are difficult to break down to simpler substances-separated through chemical reactions
Mixtures and Solutions are not pure substances and can be easily separated without chemical reactions

3. Physical Properties
Color, shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point
Appearance and behavior
Think of appearance as being descriptive
Behavior is like magnetism or being ductile or malleable

4. Physical Changes The identity of the substance does not change
Changing the state of matter does not change the chemical make up of the substance

5. Chemical Changes The identity of the substance changes
New substance(s) formed

6. Extensive and Intensive properties
Extensive properties depend on how much of a substance is present-size, weight, mass, volume
Intensive properties do not depend on how much of substance is present-color, density, odor, luster, ductility, malleability, hardness, conductivity, boiling point, melting/freezing point

7. Types of Chemical Reactions
Silver Nitrate and Copper-Single replacement reaction Cu + Ag(NO3)2 → Cu(NO3)2 + Ag One element replaces another in a compound Silver precipitate and copper nitrate produced

8. Hydrochloric acid and zinc reaction
2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2 Single replacement reaction Hydrogen gas produced Zinc replaces hydrogen Temp change Exothermic-feels hot but the reaction is actually losing heat

9. Copper sulfate and iron reaction
CuSO4 + Fe → FeSO4 + Cu Single replacement reaction Solidifies Iron replaces copper Temp change Exothermic-feels hot but the reaction is actually losing heat

10. Hydrogen Peroxide and Yeast
Decomposition reaction
H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
Exothermic
Gas is released
Liquid and yeast remain
What is yeast’s role in the reaction?

11. Acetic Acid and Baking Soda
CH3COOH + NaH3CO3 → CO2 + H2O + CH3OONa
Gas is released
Na actually separates and is dissolved
Feels cold which would mean endothermic but it really isn’t-CO2 cools rapidly causing the cold

12. Filter paper and black marker
Not a chemical reaction
Chromatography
Solid black ink separated into blue/brown/yellow so it is a solution

13. Sugar and water Sugar simply dissolves in the water
Sugar does not become something new, still a solid just mixes between the water particles

14. Chalk
Ground in to a powder Still chalk, still solid