1. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Anatomy & Physiology

2. Endocrine system
- Act by means of hormones, synthesized in glands and secreted into blood
Hormones- chemical signals that act on target cells
work on specific targets!

3. Types of hormones
Amino acid based- water soluble; receptor on membrane
Lipid based- lipid soluble; receptor inside of cell

4. GLANDS
True glands- ductless, secrete hormones into circulatory system, thyroid and pituitary
Exocrine glands- secrete through a duct to outside surfaces/organs; not part of endocrine system, salivary/mammary/sweat

5. Circulating vs. local hormones
Circulating hormones- travel
Local hormones- no traveling, only affect nearby cells

6. Cell signaling Endocrine: travels to distant cells; need a receptor
Paracrine: has local effect on cells nearby
Autocrine: act on cell that made it 
A cell can be all three!

7. Transport and removal of hormones
Transport of hormones
Unbound- water soluble; short duration
Bound- hormones attached to binding proteins; have a prolonged effect
Removal of hormones
Degrading enzymes
Kidneys
Liver enzyme system

8. ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS
Foreign molecules that interrupt normal function of a hormone pathway
DDT (pesticide)
BPA (found in plastic)
PCB (industrial chemical)

9. “Goldilocks” Principle
Hypersecretion- too much
Extra!! Extra!!
Hyposecretion- too little
HYPO is TOO LOW
Both lead to an imbalance which can lead to disease/disorder/etc.

10. Hormone interaction

11. Let’s check the hormone/gland chart! *or create A new one
Crash course: ENDOCRINE system, glands, and hormones
The Science of Adrenaline
Fight or Flight Response