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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

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Presentation on theme: "RESPIRATORY SYSTEM."— Presentation transcript:

1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2 The respiratory system
Two separate parts: Airways Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea (windpipe) Bronchi Bronchioles Lungs

3 Questions... in groups! Which gasses are exchanged in the lungs?
What characteristics must air have when it reaches the lungs? Is respiration the same as cellular respiration? Why?

4 The airways Nasal cavity: Pharynx
Many capillaries, 3 outgrowths (conchae) and mucus Warms, purifies and moistens the air Pharynx Tonsils protect us against pathogens

5 The airways Larynx Trachea Starts at the epiglottis
Vocal cords are here Cartilage keeps it from collapsing Trachea Cartilage keeps it open Mucus trap particles in the air Cilia  moves the mucus up and into the pharynx cilia

6

7 The lungs Lungs are sponge-like organs
Bronchi (with cartilage) and bronchioles (no cartilage) Lungs are sponge-like organs Alveoli  gas exchange taskes place here

8 Gas exchange Inside the lungs Alveoli
Right lung: 3 lobes. Left lung: 2 lobes Surrounded by the pleura Why? Alveoli only 2 layers of cells  facilitates gas diffusion Surrounded by a lot of capillaries

9 Pulmonary respiration (16X/min = 8 L/min)
Allows for a continuous renewal of the air Muscles: diafragm and intercostal muscles 2 steps: Inhalation: Diafragm flattens and moves down Intercostal muscles move up and out Exhalation: Diafragm curves and moves up Intercostal muscles move down and in

10 How to keep a healthy respiratory system
Do not smoke Avoid dramatic changes in temperature Stay active! Avoid exposure to dust and particles in suspension

11 Respiratory system illnesses
Infectious Flu: viral infection. Cold: infection of the nasal cavity. Non infectious Hoarseness: inflammation of the vocal chords. Sinusitis: inflammation of the nasal cavity. Allergic rhinitis. Asthma: contraction of bronchi and excessive mucus. Bronchitis: irritation of the mucosa in the bronchi. Pulmonary emphysema: breakage of the alveoli. Pleuresy: inflammation of the pleura. Lung & throat cancer Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): destruction of pulmonary tissue.


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