1. James Madison

2. 1-USA was militarily weak and unprepared and had to use privateers
B. Concerns:
1-USA was militarily weak and unprepared and had to use privateers
2-War hawks pushed for war with GB and wanted to push them out of Canada
3-The USA tried to attack Canada from Detroit, Fort Niagara, and Lake Champlain and
all three campaigns failed (lost forts Michilmackinac, Detroit, and Dearborn)

3. War Hawks
$, Land – Southerners wanted Florida, Westerners wanted Canada
While England was busy with Napoleon in Europe, take Canada

4. Oliver Hazard Perry
Ordered to take control of Lake Erie, but when he got there, no boats
Had to build his fleet (9 ships) using barns and anything else

5. Amazing Perry!
Moved ships overland around Niagara Falls to attack British war ships on Lake Erie in 1813

6. His Battle Flag motto: Don’t give up the ship, in honor of Lawrence who died on the Chesapeake.

7. Hero Commodore Perry
In 1813 and forced the British out of Fort Detroit
After his ship was destroyed, he rowed to Niagra and won the battle

8. In winning the battle, Perry secured control of the entire Great Lakes region with stories of his death defying courage, and leadership. The significance of the victory went beyond American shores. Never before had Britain lost an entire fleet in battle! When Britain lost Lake Erie her “World Crown” came tumbling down. “Britannia ruled the waves”… no more.

9. Following the triumph, Perry ferried Harrison's Army of the Northwest to Detroit where it began its advance into Canada. American victory at the Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813.
Hailed as hero, Perry was promoted to captain.
1819: Perry becomes ill with yellow fever and dies, on August 23, his 34th birthday.

10. “I have met the enemy and they are ours” His Battle Flag motto: Don’t give up the ship, in honor of Lawrence who died on the Chesapeake.
Oliver Hazard Perry

11. 1- Madison claimed GB was hostile to USA:
I. War of 1812
A. Causes:
1- Madison claimed GB was hostile to USA:
a. Impressment of American ships/sailors
b. Northwest Territory’s Native Americans were being
furnished weapons by the British to use on Americans
c. Spanish (allies of GB) allowed run away slave haven in Florida
and the threat that GB would attack the USA from Florida
d. American embargo hurt GB’s food supply and war with France made GB desperate

12. 4. 1814 – British captured Washington D.C. (1,000 Am. Vs. 6,000 Br.)
a. Dolly Madison save important papers and GW portrait
b. Capital and Pres. House burned: later had to paint it
white to cover the scorch and called it the “White House”

13. 5. Bombardment of Fort McHenry, Baltimore inspired F. S
5. Bombardment of Fort McHenry, Baltimore inspired F.S. Key to write the nation’s anthem “Star Spangle Banner”

14. 1- Was to end the fighting. No one won or lost, but the USA
C. Dec. 24, 1814, Treaty of Ghent
1- Was to end the fighting. No one won or lost, but the USA
gained the world’s respect, a sense of patriotism, and national identity
2. January Battle of New Orleans
a. 8,000 British troops attack at New Orleans to close off the Mississippi
b. Andrew Jackson, “Old Hickory,” positioned Americans
behind cotton bales to stop the British
c. 2,000 British killed and 20 American casualties

15. Nothing lost, nothing gained

16. Old Ironsides and Hickory

17. Nationalism – Pride in being American!