1. Dr Alejandro Gallego Schmid 25th October 2017
Environmental sustainability of energy generation in developing countries
Free buffet
Dr Alejandro Gallego Schmid
25th October 2017

2. Sustainable Industrial Systems
17 members (3 acad., 6 postd., 7 PhD students and 1 adm.)
Identify sustainable solutions for industrial systems on a life cycle basis, taking into account economic, environmental and social aspects.
Different sectors: chemicals, construction, food & drink, energy and transport.
Who we are

3. Research topics Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Carbon Footprinting
Sustainable Production and Consumption
Sustainability Assessment
Sustainable Technologies
Sustainable Cities
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA)
Eco-design
Circular economy
What we do

4. What is Life Cycle Assessment?
Life cycle assessment is an environmental sustainability tool
It applies life cycle thinking to assess the environmental consequences of human activities
What is life cycle assessment

5. Environmental impacts
Calculate (potential) impacts:
Resource depletion
Global warming (carbon footprint)
Ozone layer depletion
Acidification
Photochemical smog
Eutrophication
Eco-toxicity
Human toxicity
Up to 18 different impact categories

6. LCA methodology Standard ISO 14040 and ISO 14044
Standardised metodology

7. Case 1: Sustainable Systems for Off-grid Remote Communities
Date format
1 name/line, titles
Jhud Mikhail Aberilla
Dr Alejandro Gallego Schmid
Dr Laurence Stamford
Prof Adisa Azapagic

8. The Philippines energy context
(2014)
In 2016, an estimated 11 million people in the country did not have satisfactory access to electricity. The national electrification rate is 89%, with urban areas at 94% compared to rural areas at 85%. Utilization of diesel in remote and island locations results in higher generation costs, up to 100% greater than the main grids. Almost half of SPUG-operated generators run less than 24 hours each day.
LPG and wood are the most common fuels for cooking, the latter also being used for domestic hot water
Ref: IEA/World Bank, 2017; PH-DOE, 2017

9. General aims and objectives
Evaluate the life cycle environmental impacts and cost of technology options for providing electricity and heat in off-grid areas
Develop electrification scenarios for representative rural communities in the near (2020), medium (2030) and far future (2050)
Assess the sustainability of solutions identified in the scenarios, considering environmental, economic and social aspects

10. Case 2: Sustainability assessment of electricity generation in Chile
Carlos Gaete
Dr Alejandro Gallego
Dr Laurence Stamford
Prof Adisa Azapagic

11. The electricity sector in Chile

12. Aims and objectives
To assess life cycle sustainability of current electricity generation in Chile
Economic, environmental and social
To define future scenarios to 2050 and evaluate sustainability
To identify most sustainable options for future electricity generation

13. Results interpretation and validation
Life cycle assessment
Standard ISO and ISO 14044
Goal and scope
Assessment of electricity generation
226 plants in SING and SIC.
Functional Unit: 1 kWh
Results interpretation and validation
Data and assumptions
Government databases
Government reports
Background data:
ECOINVENT 2.2
LCI
GaBi
Software
Environmental Impacts: CML2001, Apr.2015.

14. Case 3: Environmental assessment of homemade solar cookers
Dr Joan Manuel F. Mendoza
Dr Alejandro Gallego Schmid
Dr Ximena C. Schmidt Rivera
Prof Adisa Azapagic

15. Solar cooker or microwaves?
50%
70%
75%
Decouple resource consumption and economic growth or

16. Aims and objectives
Environmental and economic assessment of different types of solar cooker
Environmental and economic payback compared with microwaves
Effects at different geographical levels (city, region and country)

17. Questions? Want to collaborate?
Dr Alejandro Gallego Schmid
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION