1. Ch 43
The Body’s Defense

2. Three lines of Defense:
1. External defenses
2. Internal (phagocytes, inflammation)
3. Specific defense: (lymphocytes)
1 & 2 are non-specific, innate
3 is specific, acquired

3. Phagocytosis (WBC’s) non-specific
By Monocytes which turn into Macrophages
and also neutrophils, eosinophils and , natural killer cells

4. Inflammatory Response: non-specific
Basophils and Mast cells release histamines

5. Other non-specific responses to infection:
Fever
Antimicrobial proteins
Interferons: inhibit viral reproduction

6. What is specific immunity?
Pathogen, antigen, epitope (antibody generator)
Self vs. Non-self?
Blood groups (A, B, AB, O antigens)
Lymphocytes: (mature in thymus or bone marrow)
Helper T cells: TH
Cytotoxic T cells: Tc (enzymes, cell mediated immunity)
Suppressor T cells: Ts
B cells (antibodies, humoral immunity)
Memory B’s
Plasma cells

7. http://video. google. com/videoplay

9. Overview video http://video. google. com/videoplay

11. Immunological Memory:
What is the second response like?

12. Cell surface markers in T cell function
MHC (major histocompatibility complex)
“Self” Cell surface proteins, recognized by different T cells
Present the antigen to the T cells, initiates helper T cell responses

13. Perforin, cell to cell attack

14. Cytokine (Interleukins) and Helper T cells
What is interleukin?

15. Cytotoxic T cells, perforin
What is an APC?
Why does water rush in when a pore is created by perforin?

16. Antigen driven cloning of lymphocytes: Clonal selection
Effector B-cells Memory B-cells Make antibodies

17. Mechanisms of Humoral immunity: ANTIBODIES

18. Antibody structure and function
Igs
HIV / AIDS
Active vs passive immunity
Vaccines
(pgs )

21. These are slides we did not use this year (2008)

24. lymph nodes, bone marrow, thymus, spleen

25. Kills the infected cell
Most cells of the body: Macrophages, B cells, nucleated activated T cells, thymus
CD4
CD8
Kills the infected cell
Alerts B & T cells

26. Perforin, cell to cell attack