1. Light Interactions
The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Things that are luminous can be seen because they produce their own light.
Things that are illuminated can be seen because light reflects off them.
Absorption is the transfer of light energy to particles of matter.
Scattering is an interaction of light with matter that causes light to change direction.

2. Light Interactions
Refraction of light waves can create optical illusions and can separate white light into separate colors.
Diffraction depends on the light’s wavelength.
Light waves diffract more when traveling through a narrow opening.
Interference can be constructive or destructive.
Interference of light waves can cause bright and dark bands.

3. Diffraction & Interference

4. Absorption & Scattering

5. Do You See What I See?

6. Mirrors & Lenses
Rays are arrows that show the path of a single light wave.
Ray diagrams can be used to find where images are formed by mirrors and lenses.
Plane mirrors and convex mirrors produce virtual images. Concave mirrors produce both real images and virtual images.
Convex lenses produce both real images and virtual images. Concave lenses produce only virtual images.

8. Law of Reflection: angle of incidence = the angle of reflection

9. How Images Are Formed in Plane Mirrors
This is a virtual image because it is right side up
How Images Are Formed in Plane Mirrors

10. Optical Axis, Focal Point, Focal Length

11. Concave Mirrors
“Cave in”
Converge light
Create real or virtual images

12. Concave Mirrors

14. Convex Mirrors

15. Convex Mirrors Curved outward Spreads out light Virtual images
Allows wider images
“Objects in mirror are closer than they appear”

17. Refraction

18. Refraction

19. How Light Passes Through Lenses

20. Convex Lens Thicker in the middle, thinner on the edges
Converging rays
Can make a real (upside down and can be projected) image
Can make a virtual image (right side up)
Can magnify

21. Convex Lenses

23. Concave Lens Thinner in the middle, thicker on the edges
Concave “caves” in
Diverging rays
Makes only virtual images
Makes something look smaller

24. Concave Lenses

26. Fun With Color

29. Polarizing Lenses

30. Light & Color
Objects are transparent, translucent, or opaque depending on their ability to transmit light.
Colors of opaque objects are determined by the color of light that they reflect.
Colors of translucent and transparent objects are determined by the color of light they transmit.
White light is a mixture of all colors of light.
Light combines by color addition. The primary colors of light are red, blue, and green.
Pigments give objects color. Pigments combine by color subtraction. The primary pigments are magenta, cyan, and yellow.

31. Objects are transparent, translucent, or opaque depending on their ability to transmit light.

32. Colors of opaque objects are determined by the color of light that they reflect.

33. Colors of translucent and transparent objects are determined by the color of light they transmit.

34. Light combines by color addition
Light combines by color addition The primary colors of light are red, blue, and green.

35. Pigments combine by color subtraction.

36. The primary pigments are magenta, cyan, and yellow.

37. Question 1
A wave has a low speed, but a high frequency. What can be inferred about its wavelength?
A. The distance a wave will vibrate from its resting point.
B. The wavelength will be very long
C. It depends on how fast the speed is
D. The wavelength will be short

38. Answer 1
A wave has a low speed, but a high frequency. What can be inferred about its wavelength?
A. The distance a wave will vibrate from its resting point.
B. The wavelength will be very long
C. It depends on how fast the speed is
D. The wavelength will be short

39. Question 2 How is amplitude related to energy?
A. The larger the amplitude, the more energy a wave carries
B. The larger the amplitude, the less energy a wave carries
C. The shorter the amplitude, the more energy a wave carries
D. Amplitude is not related to energy

40. Answer 2 How is amplitude related to energy?
A. The larger the amplitude, the more energy a wave carries
B. The larger the amplitude, the less energy a wave carries
C. The shorter the amplitude, the more energy a wave carries
D. Amplitude is not related to energy

41. Question 3 Which electromagnetic waves is the eye able to see?
Red, green, and ultraviolet
Red, infrared, and yellow
Blue, green, and ultraviolet
Orange, green, and red

42. Question 3 Which electromagnetic waves is the eye able to see?
Red, green, and ultraviolet
Red, infrared, and yellow
Blue, green, and ultraviolet
Orange, green, and red

43. Question 4
Ultraviolet light has a higher frequency than infrared light has. Which statement about visible light is true?
A. Blue light has a longer wavelength than orange light has.
B. Green light has a higher frequency than violet light has.
C. Yellow light has a shorter wavelength than blue light has.
D. Red light has a lower frequency than green light has.

44. Answer 4
Ultraviolet light has a higher frequency than infrared light has. Which statement about visible light is true?
A. Blue light has a longer wavelength than orange light has.
B. Green light has a higher frequency than violet light has.
C. Yellow light has a shorter wavelength than blue light has.
D. Red light has a lower frequency than green light has.

45. Question 5
Which light interaction explains why you can see things that do not produce their own light?
A. absorption
B. reflection
C. refraction
D. scattering

46. Answer 5
Which light interaction explains why you can see things that do not produce their own light?
A. absorption
B. reflection
C. refraction
D. scattering

47. Question 6
What is the distance between two adjacent wave compressions?
A. 1 m/s
B. 1 wavelength
C. 1 Hz
D. 1 amplitude

48. Answer 6 What is the distance between two adjacent wave compressions?
A. 1 m/s
B. 1 wavelength
C. 1 Hz
D. 1 amplitude