1. Chemistry Topics The Atomic Structure Reading the Periodic Table
Atomic Bonding
Organic Compounds Ph

2. Atoms Bond Together… Electrons have a negative charge.
The nucleus they surround have a positive charge.
When the two atoms meet one another, the electrons overlap.
When this happens, the electrons are attracted to both nuclei, holding them together.

3. Two Atoms Meet
Nucleus Positive
Electron Cloud Negative

4. Opposites Attract
This force of attraction is known as a chemical bond.
When the atoms form a bond they become lower in energy.
The system is more stable.

5. This Attraction is Called a Chemical Bond
The Electrons Experience a Force of Attraction that Hold the two Atoms Together.
This Attraction is Called a Chemical Bond

6. The Octet Rule
States that atoms tend to share electrons so as to obtain eight electrons in their outer shells

7. Electron sharing and Single Covalent Bonds…
Chlorine molecule formed by two atoms sharing one pair of electrons

8. Chlorine is One Example…
We can see that originally each chlorine atom has only seven electrons in its outer shell.
After bonding it has eight (an octet), making the molecule more stable than the sum of the original atoms.

9. Double Covalent Bonds…
It is possible for atoms to share two pairs of electrons to achieve the octet (8 electrons).
Carbon dioxide molecule formed from two oxygen atoms each sharing two pairs of electrons with a carbon atom

10. Double Covalent Bonds…
When two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms this is called a double bond.

11. Bonding Animations