1. Science of classification of organisms
EVOLUTION Taxonomy
Science of classification
of organisms

2. Dichotomous Keys
A series of paired statements used to identify an organism (Do you know how to use a dichotomous key?)

3. 8 Levels of Classification
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum (Phyla-pl) or Division (plants)
Class
Order
Family
Genus (Genera-pl)
Species

4. (Can you list the levels of classification in order
(Can you list the levels of classification in order? Remember: King Philip Came Over For Good Soup Do you understand the levels get smaller and more specific as you go down?)

5. Human Classification Domain Eukarya You don’t Kingdom Animalia have to
Phylum Chordata know the
Class Mammalia specific
Order Primates levels,
Family Hominidae except
Genus Homo genus &
Species sapiens species

6. Primates

7. Family Hominidae

8. Can you guess what these are? (Don’t have to know these. Examples.)
Domain Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia Animalia
Phylum Chordata Arthropoda
Class Reptilia Insecta
Order Chelonia Diptera
Family Emydidae Culicidae
Genus Terrapene Theobaldia
Species carolina anulata

9. First to classify organisms

10. Carolus Linnaeus The father of modern taxonomy – proposed binomial nomenclature

11. Old Scientific Name of European Honeybee
Apis pubescens, thorace subgriseo, abdomine fusco, pedibus posticis glabis, untrinque margine ciliatus

12. Today, its scientific name is
Apis mellifera

13. Linnaeus developed binomial nomenclature – a two name system for writing scientific names
A scientific name is the organism’s genus and species

14. Why do biologists use scientific names?
Common names can be misleading
Scientific names are specific for each type of organism and can’t be confused

15. FROGMOUTH –does this look like a frog?

16. JELLYFISH – is it really a fish?

17. GUINEA PIGS – are they a type of pig?

18. SEA CUCUMBERS – are they plants or animals?

19. SEAHORSE – is it a horse?

20. ROBIN OR ROBIN? Which one are you referring to when you say robin?

21. LADYBUGS – are they all female? Are they bugs?

22. PINE TREE – which type of pine tree are you referring to?
Ponderosa?
Loblolly?
White?
Rocky Mountain?
Virginia?

23. DOMAINS
Since the bacteria are so different in their molecular structure, 2 domains are used to show their diversity
3 Domains of living things
Bacteria (common prokaryotes
Archaea (prokaryotes that live in harsh environments)

24. Domain Eukaryo
Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia are in the Domain Eukarya

25. Some Bacteria

26. Some Archaea

27. Kingdom Protista – (protists); eukaryotes; some have cell walls; most unicellular; some autotrophs (make their own food) and some heterotrophs (take in food from the environment; some locomote and some immobile

28. Some Protists

29. Kingdom Fungi – (fungi); eukaryotes; cell walls; most multicellular; heterotrophic; immobile

30. Some Fungi

31. Kingdom Plantae – (plants); eukaryotes; cell walls of cellulose; multicellular; all autotrophs; immobile

32. Some Plants

33. Kingdom Animalia – (animals); eukaryotes; no cell walls; multicellular; heterotrophs; nerves

35. Taxonomy is Constantly Revised
New shark species discovered by analyzing DNA