1. New Economy; Transportation Revolution
7.1

2. FACTORY WORKERS IN LOWELL
During the first half of the nineteenth century, textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, relied heavily on a labor force of women and children.
During the 1820s and 1830s, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were young, unmarried women.

3. FACTORY WORKERS IN LOWELL
Prior to the Civil War, Irish immigrants began to replace New England farm girls in the textile mills.

4. Transportation Revolution
7.2

5. NEW DEVELOPMENTS
Completed in 1825, the Erie Canal sparked a period of canal building that lasted until 1850.
Steamboats became widely used in the 1820s and 1830s.
The first railroad appeared in the United States in Within 30 years, the United States had built 30,000 miles of track.

6. CONSEQUENCES
The Erie Canal strengthened commercial and political ties between New York City and the growing cities on the Great Lakes.
Canals helped open the West to settlement and trade.
Steamboats dramatically increased river traffic while significantly lowering the cost of river transportation.
Like the canals, the railroads enabled farmers in the Midwest easier access to urban markets in the East.
Canals, steamboats, and railroads had the least impact on the South.

7. Inventions
Interchangeable Parts: Identical components that could be used in place of one another
Eli Whitney: Musket
Samuel Morse: Electric Telegraph
Improved farming methods: planting, tending and harvesting.