1. Muscular System- Rehab Therapy

2. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
If you weigh 120 pounds, how much of the weight is muscle?

3. Approximately 50 pounds

4. MUSCLE TISSUE- 3 Types
SKELETAL- attached to bone, voluntary, straited (because of stripes & straie)
CARDIAC- heart muscle
SMOOTH- nonstraited, involuntary, found in visceral(organs) and blood vessel walls

5. FUNCTION OF MUSCLES- to contract and lengthen
SKELETAL MUSCLE FUNCTION ) MOVEMENT 2) POSTURE- MUSCLE TONE 3) HEAT PRODUCTION

6. MOVEMENT
Muscles move bones by pulling on them, shortening and contracting.
The muscle that is the main one responsible for movement is called the PRIME MOVER. The other muscles that help are called SYNERGISTS.

7. When prime movers & synergists contract, other muscles called ANTAGONISTS relax. When antagonists contract they produce movement opposite to prime movers & synergists.

8. POSTURE
Tonic Contractions- does not move any body part, holds them in position. This is known as posture.
Isometric Contractions- muscle does not shorten & no movement occurs. Ex.- pushing against a wall

9. Isotonic contraction- produces movement at a joint such as walking, running or breathing
Twitch contraction- quick jerky contraction

10. Tetanic contraction- more sustained contraction than a twitch
Tetanic contraction- more sustained contraction than a twitch. This is where the name tetanus comes from because of the severe cramping also known as “lock-jaw”.

11. TENDONS
Dense fibrous connective tissue that acts as cords, connects muscle to bone

12. BURSAE Small fluids filled sacs that lie between some tendons & bones
Bursitis- inflammation of the bursae

13. Bursae
lined with synovial membrane which secretes a fluid (synovial) that fills the bursae
This fluid acts as a cushion

14. MOVEMENTS Flexion- movement that makes a joint angle smaller
Extension- movement that makes joint angle larger

15. Abduction- moving body part away from the midline; “abduct”
Adduction- moving body part toward the midline; “add”

16. ROTATION
Moving around longitudinal axis example: “shaking your head no”

17. Supination- turn palm of hand anterior or up as with the anatomical position
Pronation- turn the palm to posterior position or down

18. Dorsiflexion- elevate top of foot toward knee
Plantarflexion- point foot downward as if you are standing on toes

19. LIGAMENTS
Strong fibrous connective tissue that grows out of the periosteum & connects two bones together.

20. MUSCULAR DISORDERS
Muscular dystrophy- progressive wasting away of muscles
Muscular atrophy- muscle shrinkage. Why would this occur?

21. Muscular hypertrophy- increase in muscle size

22. Paralysis
Injury to brain or spinal cord in which muscles cannot contract
Hemiplegia- paralysis on side
Paraplegia- paralysis waist down
Quadraplegia- paralysis from neck down

23. Three parts of a muscle
Body- main part of the muscle
origin
insertion

24. ORIGIN
Muscle Attaches to relatively stationary bone

25. INSERTION
Muscle attaches to part of bone that moves

26. REFER TO HANDOUT ON INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES- DISCUSS