1. Challenges and Change in Comparative Politics
Chapter 1
Challenges and Change in Comparative Politics

2. Modernization
*1980s - ¼ of the world’s population lived in poverty, unable to meet basic needs.
* Number has dropped by 1% each year since even with the population continuing to expand
* Conclusion: the world today is much richer than a generation or two ago

3. Nations becoming more open to and dependent on one another.
Globalization
Nations becoming more open to and dependent on one another.
Positive
Increasing trade in goods and services
2. Lowered the prices of goods
3. Citizens share common social norms of this international system
Negative
Outsourcing of Jobs
2. Countries “hermit” themselves

4. What is Comparative Politics
Government Systems: On their own or representing their citizens, take actions that can help or hurt economic development.
How??

5. The state tries to dominate
Political Science is the study of those decisions both public and authoritative.
Public: deals with collective decisions that extend beyond the individual and private life. In Totalitarian states, public sphere is large,and private is limited.
The state tries to dominate

6. Authoritative - governments may use
Persuasion
Inducements
Force
example : Pope v IRS
why?

7. Politics: Activities associated with the control of public decisions among a given people, in a given territory, where the control may be backed up my Authoritative means.
Who gets what, when, & how

8. Challenges for building a community in the absence of a homogeneous population…
End of History
3rd Wave

9. Building a common identity and sense of community is important
Conflicts: National, Ethnic, or Religious
Difficult when there is no shared common bond or set of goals
Homogeneity is easier- ex: Japan

10. State v. Nation Common Identity Ethnicity Language Religion

11. Religious fundamentalism….
Religion
Has both helped and hurt the :democracy train. Help: Latin America. Hurt: Poland under communism
Religious fundamentalism….

12. Human Development Index Common Course toward development
Economic Development
Human Development Index
Common Course toward development
Transformation from agrarian to industrial to advanced industrial
5 countries in book agricultural employment is below 10% Poorer nations= ⅔ working in

13. Gross National Product Not going to solve ALL problems
Money
Gross National Income
Gross National Product
Not going to solve ALL problems
Health, income, opportunity rarely distributed evenly…. Can lead to political conflict

14. Human Rights & Civil Liberties Democracy- “government by the people”
Authoritarian
Oligarchy - ruled by the few
Totalitarian- government constricts rights and privacy of its citizens

15. 1st half of the 20th century -most converted to Democracy
Democratic Waves…
1st half of the 20th century -most converted to Democracy
Post WWII India, Nigeria etc.
1974- Southern Europe, East Asia, some African states. Most recently the Arab Spring

16. Community and Nation building Security and order Protecting rights
What governments do..
Community and Nation building
Security and order
Protecting rights
Promoting economic growth
Social justice
Protecting the weak

17. Destruction of community Violations of basic human rights
What governments do…
Destruction of community
Violations of basic human rights
Economic inefficiency
Government for private gain
Vested interests and inertia