1. Matter is everything that has mass and takes up space

2. Atoms – the building blocks of matter Atoms are the smallest particles that can exist on their own

3. Atoms have a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons with electrons circling around the nucleus.

4. The protons have a positive charge The electrons have a negative charge The neutrons don’t have any charge

5. Atoms differ based on the number of protons in their nucleus Hydrogen atoms only have one proton Carbon has six protons

7. Anything that is made up of only one type of atom is an element

8. A molecule is two or more atoms that have connected
A compound is when a molecule is made up of different types of atoms
An element is when all the atoms in a molecule are the same

9. When two or more different types of atoms bond together, a new compound is made

10. In order for a molecule to form, a chemical change must take place.

11. No Change to Molecules When you step on a can and crush it, you have forced a physical change. However, you only changed the shape of the can. It wasn't a change in the state of matter because the energy in the can did not change. Also, since this was a physical change, the molecules in the can are still the same molecules.

12. In your notebook, make a chart that looks like this: Particles Shape
Movement
Shape
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Fill in your chart with this information as we discuss it

14. Let's compare sugar in water to sand in water
Let's compare sugar in water to sand in water. Sugar dissolves and is spread throughout the glass of water. The sand sinks to the bottom. The sugar-water is a homogenous mixture while the sand-water is a heterogeneous mixture. Both are mixtures, but only the sugar-water can also be called a solution.
A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
Compounds cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical means. eg. distillation and filtration.
Compounds can broken down into their elements by thermal decomposition {heat}, electrolysis (electricity) and chemical reactions.

15. Compound
Compound
Mixture
Can also be made up of compounds
Keep their original properties when they are mixed
Can be easily separated physically
Lose their original properties when they are formed
They make up something entirely new
Can only be separated by chemical means
Both are made of elements