1. Assessing HIV key populations’ participation in seeking justice to test the effectiveness of human rights redress mechanism in Indonesia
Albert Wirya
Fuji Aotari

2. Research Background

3. HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION
Stigma and discrimination
Criminalization of drug use
Acts of ‘disciplining’ transgender
Prohibition on homosexuality
Sex Workers’ arrest
Corporal punishment
Violation on right to health, right to education
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4. REDRESS MECHANISM
National laws concerning human rights, public service, and information transparency.
Internal and external mechanism.
Availability of community based organizations and legal aid organization.
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5. RESEARCH QUESTION
Which type of human rights violation the HIV key population in Indonesia had to endure?
What is the characteristic of the cases?
What redress that the victims sought after the violation?
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6. Methodology & Demography

7. DATA COLLECTION Type of Data Quantitative Time Period
October 2016 to August 2017
Place
17 districts, 5 islands in Indonesia
Documenter
Mostly 2 per district, some districts only one, total: 30
Tools
Form
Case Criteria
Human Rights Violation
Happened to person living with HIV or HIV key population
Happened between
Happened in the 17 Districts in Indonesia
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8. MAP
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N = 251
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9. DEMOGRAPHY (1)
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10. DEMOGRAPHY (2)
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N = 251
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11. Result

12. REPORTING VIOLATIONS
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13. REASONS WHY VICTIMS DID NOT REPORT
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N = 202
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14. TYPES OF CASES REPORTED
Frequency %
Discrimination at Health Facilities 2
4,3
Rejection to Obtain Treatment 7
15,2
Infringement of Right to Fair Trial
Restriction of Right to Information
Infringement of Right to Privacy
Unpleasant Service by Health Care Workers
Bad Quality Health Services 13
28,3
Combination of Violations
Others 4
8,7
Total 46
100
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15. INSTITUTION WHERE VICTIMS REPORTED THEIR CASES
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16. SATISFACTION LEVEL NGO 3 11 7 1 Related Health Institution 2
NGO 3 11 7 1
Related Health Institution 2
Regional Health Department
Several Parties
Police
Related Educational Institution
Unknown
Total 5 13 10
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17. SUCCESS STORY
A man in Bali wanted to access ARV after more than ten months absent. He was rejected by the doctor. Two weeks after that he called a senior in a NGO and the senior gave him a letter of recommendation which enabled him to access ARV again.
K (41) wanted to started over his methadone treatment after 2 times drop-out. However, the health care workers rejected his application thus he reported this experience to a CBO focusing on drug issue; the CBO gave formal reprimand to the health care institution and the victim finally could continue his treatment.
A man in Wamena, Papua, was evicted from his own house after the leakage of his HIV status. He then reported his miserable condition to the Regional Health Department and a local NGO. These organizations responded in giving counseling in the victim’s previous neighbourhood so that in the end, he could come back and felt no more discrimination.
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18. Discussion

19. CONCLUSION
Lots of obstacles hindering the victims’ participation and willingness to seek remedy.
Most of the victims who reported their cases to government agencies ended up not satisfied.
The role of CBO and NGO are important to assist the victims to effectively report the violation to governmental organizations.
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20. RESEARCH LIMITATION
Could not be generalized to other regions in Indonesia.
Lack of clarifications from the government’s side.
Does not consider other aspects of effectiveness, such as the impact to the larger community, the resource of the governmental bodies, etc.
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21. Thank You
@LBHM.id
@lbhmasyarakat