1. George Washington
, From Virginia

2. Challenges
Structure of Executive Branch – Response: created presidential cabinet
No executive branch under the Articles of Confederation!
Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of War: Henry Knox
Attorney General: Edmund Randolph

3. Challenges Role and structure of Judicial Branch
No federal court system under the Articles of Confederation!
Response: Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1789.
Created a federal court system; Washington chose John Jay as chief justice.

4. Challenges Unstable economic system.
Many states still had war debt. (mostly northern)
Federal government had little credit to borrow money.
Taxation: the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania.
Farmers refused to pay government tax on whiskey.
Washington led federal troops himself to put down the rebellion.
Proved the federal government would collect taxes and enforce its laws.
Foreign Conflicts: France and Britain are at war.
Americans are divided about which nation to support.
Washington declares the U.S. will remain neutral and have no alliances.

5. Contributions Civic Virtue and Leadership Qualities
Came out of retirement to be president.
Transfer of Power
Constitution places no term limits on the president.
He chose not to run for a third term.
Set precedent for future presidents to limit their terms.

6. Friday! January 6th 2017.
Pick up your spirals/folders, take out a pen/pencil, your bellwork and the reading questions from yesterday.
We will grade the questions, take notes, and then watch videos.
Bellwork: What do the following words mean?
Import
Export
Foreign
Domestic
Tariff

7. Political Parties Loose vs Strict Issues
During Washington’s presidency two opposing views arose on many issues.
Parties: Democratic-Republicans and Federalists
Leaders: Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
Issues
The interpretation of the Constitution
The role of the federal government
The nation’s economy
America’s relations with Revolutionary France and Monarchical Britain
Loose vs
Strict OR

8. Hamilton’s Economic Plan
Create a national bank with a single currency.
Pay off state’s war debt to build credibility
Collect revenue with taxes and tariffs

9. Opposition Congress has no power to establish a national bank.
Most southern states had already paid their war debt.
A national bank favors northern merchants and manufacturers.
Compromise
Jefferson and Madison agree to support the establishment of the national bank.
The nation’s capital, Washington D.C., will be located in the South.
No tariff would be passed. (only helps northern states at expense of southern)

10. Federalists John Adams & Alexander Hamilton Strong central government
Loose interpretation (elastic clause)
Favored a National Bank
Economy based on industry
Close ties with England
New England

11. Democratic Republicans
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
Weak central gov’t – more state power
Strict interpretation
Opposed national bank (would favor the rich)
Economy based on agriculture
Close ties with France
South and West
James Madison

12. Farewell Address Avoid problems of other countries (neutral)
Political parties are dangerous
Don’t let regional differences divide nation