1. THE DIRECT METHOD

2. Learning Theory Direct relation between form and meaning
L2 learning is similar to L1 acquisition.
Learning occurs naturally.
Exposure of long chunks in the target language

3. Language Theory Language is for oral use. Each language is unique.
There should be no interference by any other language when learning a language.

4. Culture Culture is NOT limited to fine arts and literature.
CULTURE also involves:
Life style
daily habits
customs
traditions
institutions
history
geography
food

5. Teacher's Role T directs the activities and the interactions.
T is NOT as dominant as in GTM.
Sometimes T acts like a partner of the students in activities.

6. Students' Role Active Participants Pair works
T’s participation in the activities

7. St----St interactions
Often
T----st interactions
St----St interactions

8. Vocabulary Teaching Note: Use of L1 is not allowed !!!
Because there is a direct relation between form and meaning, following materials are used:
1. Pictures, drawings, charts, realia, models
2. Sample sentences, contexts.
Note: Use of L1 is not allowed !!!

9. Grammar Teaching Inductive teaching
Exposure to the target language by means of drills, exercises and examples
Students discover the rules unconsciously.
Drills:
1) Substitution 2) Chain 3) Formation
4) repetition 5) Yes question 6) No Question

10. Materials Reading passages (for topics) Dialogues (for situation)
Theatre plays (for situations)

11. Syllabus Situational and topical syllabuses E.g.
Situation: at the post office, in the living room, at the cinema, at the airport
Topic: Money, geography, pollution, etc

12. Evaluation Sts' ability to use the language is tested
NOT about the language. The language itself

13. Use of L1 is NOT permitted.
ROLE OF L1
Use of L1 is NOT permitted.

14. Goals and Objectives Communication (written and spoken)
Thinking in the Target language

15. Error Correction Sts' self correction:
(The teacher asks the student to make a choice between the correct form and the incorrect form)

16. Sts' Feelings
NO INFORMATION ABOUT THIS ISSUE

17. Techniques Reading aloud Question and answer exercise Self correction
Conversation practice
Fill-in-the-blank exercise
Dictation
Drawing (for listening comprehension)
Paragraph writing

18. Skills 2) Listening 3) Reading 4) Writing
THE FOLLOWING FOUR LANGUAGE SKILLS ARE IMPORTANT
1) Speaking
2) Listening
3) Reading
4) Writing
Speaking and Listening are emphasised.
Vocabulary is over Grammar