1. Kingdom Protista

2. General Characteristics
Single celled or Multi-celled
Eukaryotic - organelles
Small
Absorbs, Ingests, or Photosynthetic
Sexual or Asexual
If it doesn’t fit in any other kingdom it is put into Kingdom Protista.

3. Major groups of Protists
Animal –like (Protozoa)
Ingests food (heterotrophs)
Usually motile
Plant – like (Algae)
Photosynthetic
Usually non-motile
Fungi – like (Slime molds)
Multi or single-celled
Absorb food
Change form during life cycle

4. Classification of Animal–like Protists (based on type of locomotion)
Euglenoids
Sarcodines
Ciliates
Flagellates
Sporozoans

5. Euglenoids Single celled Can be Autotrophs or Heterotrophs
Most have one flagellum
Examples:
Phacus
Euglena

6. Sarcodines Move with pseudopods Marine and freshwater
“false feet”
Marine and freshwater
Heterotrophs- phageocytosis
Example:
Amoeba- causes Amoebic dysentery

7. Ciliates Single-celled Heterotroph
Have cilia (short, hair-like projections)
Freshwater or Marine
Examples:
Paramecium
Didinium
Vorticella

8. Flagellates Single-celled Heterotroph Have 2 or more Flagella
Examples-
Trypanosoma-Causes African Sleeping Sickness
Giardia lamblia- Causes Giardia

9. Sporozoans Single-celled Heterotroph – all parasitic
No means of movement
Complex life cycle; more than one host
Examples:
Plasmodium- causes malaria
Gregarina

10. Classification of Plant–like Protists (based on type of pigment)
Pyrrophyta
Chrysophyta
Euglenophyta

11. Pyrrophyta Single-celled Largely marine but few freshwater
Include dinoflagellates
Many are luminescent
Secrete toxic metabolites and
blooms of these organisms are
known as red tides.

12. Chrysophyta Informally known as yellow-green algae
The first group consists of unicellular and colonial algae, largely of freshwater habitats, that have a poor fossil record
The second group, the diatoms, has an excellent fossil record as the cell walls are comprised of two pieces of glass

13. Euglenophyta
Euglena is both plant – like and animal – like: it has chloroplasts and can photosynthesize if light is available, but may also ingest food if it needs to. Euglena moves with flagella.

14. Fungus-like Protists (slime molds)
Multi or single-celled
Absorb food
Change form during life cycle: amoeba-like at one stage and mold-like during another.
Examples:
Physarum
Dictyostelium

15. Role of Protists in the Living World.
Algae provides 30-50% the of oxygen in the atmosphere and are the base of every aquatic food chain! (phytoplankton)
Various yellow-green algae live symbiotically within the cells of other organisms, such as those of certain coral and sea anemones.
Symbiotic relationships help animals digest material (flagellates in the guts of termites and cattle)
Plant – like protists are food for larger organisms.
Some slime molds live in the soil as decomposers