1. Classification of Life
Kingdoms and Domains

2. Why classify?
To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner.

3. Words to Remember:
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that organizes living things based on shared characteristics and evolutionary history A domain is the largest group into which life is organized. There are 3 domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. A prokaryote is an organism whose cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes are organism with cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane.

4. Levels of Classification (Taxon/Taxa)
Kingdom Continent
Phylum Country
Class State
Order County
Family City
Genus Street
species House #

5. PHYLUM Chordata GENUS Ursus KINGDOM Animalia CLASS Mammalia
ORDER Carnivora
FAMILY Ursidae
GENUS Ursus
SPECIES Ursus arctos

6. King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti

7. Binomial Nomenclature
A two name naming system that was developed by a Swedish scientist named Carolus Linnaeus

8. Example: Tyranosaurous rex
The Genus name is CAPITALIZED, followed by the Species name in lower case. Both names are Underlined or put in Italics.

9. Examples of Scientific Names
Wolf: Canis lupus Cat: Felis catus CHicken: Gallus gallus Human: Homo sapiens Emperor penguin: Aptenodytes forsteri Apple: Malus domestica Sunflower: Helianthus annuus Carrot: Daucus carota Orange: Citrus sinensis

10. Examples of Scientific Names
Wolf: Canis lupus Cat: Felis catus CHicken: Gallus gallus Human: Homo sapiens Emperor penguin: Aptenodytes forsteri Apple: Malus domestica Sunflower: Helianthus annuus Carrot: Daucus carota Orange: Citrus sinensis

11. The 3-Domain System
Domain: is a more inclusive category than any other – larger than a kingdom.

12. The Three – Domain System
Domain: is a more inclusive category than any other – larger than a kingdom.
Three Domains:
Eukarya: composed of protists, fungi, plants, and animals.
Bacteria: corresponds to eubacteria
Archaea: corresponds to the kingdom archaebacteria.

13. Domain Bacteria Unicellular and prokaryotic.
Thick rigid cell walls that surround a cell membrane.
Cell walls contain a substance known as peptidoglycan.

14. Domain Archaea
Unicellular and prokaryotic members that live in some extreme environments – volcanic hot springs, brine pools, and black organic mud totally devoid of oxygen.
Cell walls lack peptidoglycan and cell membranes contain unusual lipids.

15. Consists of all organisms that have a nucleus.
Domain Eukarya
Consists of all organisms that have a nucleus.
Organized in the following kingdoms: Protists, animals, plants, and fungi.

16. (this will take up pages 5 -6)
Go to page 459 and copy the entire table.

17. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature
A two name naming system that was developed by a Swedish scientist named
Carolus Linnaeus

18. Pictures go in the bottom

19. Kingdom ARCHAEBACTERIA
Cell Type:_____________
Cell Structures:________________
Number of Cells:________________
Mode of Nutrition:____________________
Examples:_______________________
Kingdom EUBACTERIA
Cell Type:_____________
Cell Structures:________________
Number of Cells:________________
Mode of Nutrition:____________________
Examples:_______________________

20. The 6 Kingdoms
Page 7

21. Kingdom Eubacteria Page 8 The 3 shapes of bacteria (p.473) Cocci =
= peptidoglycan present in cell walls
= lives almost anywhere
Page 8
The 3 shapes of bacteria (p.473)
Cocci =
Bacilli =
Spirilla =

22. Kingdom Archaebacteria
No peptidoglycan
Loves extreme environments (hot springs, brine pools, mud, etc)
Bacterial Growth and Reproduction (p475)
Binary Fission (Define & Draw for all 3)
Spore Formation
Conjugation
Page 9

23. Draw 3 Fungi from p535 p10 Define these words: Chitin (p527)
Kingdom Fungi
Define these words:
Chitin (p527)
Saprobes (p537)
Lichens (p540)
Mycorrhizae (p541)
Draw 3 Fungi from p535
p10

24. Kingdom Protista Protists = p497 PLANT-LIKE PROTISTS
Euglena (p507)
Diatoms (507)
Dinoflagellates (p508)
Red Algae (p510)
Brown Algae (p511)
Chlamydomonas (513)
Protists = p497
ANIMAL-LIKE PROTISTS
Draw:
Zooflagellates (499)
Sarcodina (p500)
Ciliates (p501)
Radiolarian (p497)
List 3 Human uses of algae: (p. 515)