1. What is Life?

2. Identifying Life
Scientists look for common traits (specific feature of something) to identify something as a living organism. An organism is a living thing that has all of the traits of life.

3. 1) Organisms Respond to their Environment
The Five Traits of Life
1) Organisms Respond to their Environment

4. The Five Traits of Life
2) Organisms Move

5. The Five Traits of Life Living Things Show Organization
(cell: smallest unit of life in a living thing)
Blood cell

6. The Five Traits of Life
4) Organisms Reproduce

7. 5) Organisms Grow and Develop
The Five Traits of Life
5) Organisms Grow and Develop

8. Basic Needs of Living Things
1) Living things need energy.

9. Basic Needs of Living Things
2) Living things need water.

10. Basic Needs of Living Things
3) Living things need oxygen.

11. Basic Needs of Living Things
4) Living things need minerals.

12. Members of the genus Felis
Classifying Life
Classification is the grouping of objects or information based on common traits.
Members of the genus Felis

13. The Six Kingdoms
All organisms on Earth have been separated into six large groups called kingdoms.
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plant
Animal

14. Eubacteria “true bacteria” Single celled Some make their own food,
some take in food
Some cause disease,
some are helpful

15. Archaebacteria Bacteria that live in extreme environments
(hot springs, salty lakes, extreme cold/heat…)
Get energy by taking in chemicals from their surroundings
Hot spring (yellow patches are mats of microbial growth)
Rabbit Creek, Yellowstone National Park

16. (ex.- diatoms, euglena, amoeba, paramecium, seaweed…)
Protists
(ex.- diatoms, euglena, amoeba, paramecium, seaweed…)
Classified based on their cell structure
Some single celled, some many celled
Some move
Some obtain energy from eating food;
some make their own food
“Plantlike” protists
Plantlike (green, brown, red algae)
Use sun’s energy to make food
“Animal like” protists
Single celled
Move/take in food like animals
Some cause disease (like malaria)

17. (ex.- mushrooms, truffles, morels, bread mold, …)
Fungi
(ex.- mushrooms, truffles, morels, bread mold, …)
Single-celled and many celled
Do not move around
Obtain energy by feeding on decaying tissue
Used in making some medicines (like penicillin)
Some cause animal diseases (ringworm, athlete’s foot…)

18. (Ex.- trees, grass, bushes, ferns…)
Plants
(Ex.- trees, grass, bushes, ferns…)
Many celled
Do not move around
Make their own food (contain chlorophyll)

19. (ex.- monkey, bird, human, sponge, jellyfish…)
Animals
(ex.- monkey, bird, human, sponge, jellyfish…)
Many celled
Most move around
Get energy by eating food

20. Viruses
(Cause flu, cancers, colds, cold sores, chicken pox, Hepatitis B, AIDS, …)
Virus: particle that has things in common with both living and nonliving things
Able to reproduce only inside living cell
Infect bacteria, plants, and animals

21. Viruses & Vaccines Most can’t be treated
Most can be prevented with vaccines (made from dead or weak viruses- given by mouth or by injection)
Many states require vaccines for polio, measles, and mumps