1. Branches of Earth Science
(1) Astronomy
(2) Geology
(3) Oceanography
(4) Meteorology

2. Astronomy is the study of objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere

3. Geology
Geology is the study of the materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials
EX: plate tectonics, rocks and minerals, earthquakes, volcanoes

4. Oceanography is the study of Earth’s oceans.

5. Meteorology is the study of the air that surrounds our planet

6. (3) lithosphere-rock, soil (4) biosphere-living things
Earth Systems
(1) atmosphere-air
(2) hydrosphere-water
(3) lithosphere-rock, soil
(4) biosphere-living things

7. Atmosphere
The atmosphere includes the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet.
Our atmosphere is unique! It provides three keys things:
(1) It provides respiration for most of Earth’s living things
(2) It protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays
(3) It keeps our planet at a temperature suitable for life.

8. Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere consists of all of Earth’s fresh and saltwater, including rivers, streams, oceans, and the water trapped in glaciers.
¾ of Earth’s freshwater is found in glaciers and icebergs, and most of the rest of the freshwater is groundwater. Only a small fraction of Earth’s freshwater is found in lakes and rivers.

9. Lithosphere
The lithosphere is the rigid outer shell of Earth and includes the crust and the solid upper layer of the mantle.

10. Biosphere The biosphere includes all living things on the Earth.
Our biosphere is unique because scientists have not discovered life on any other planet in our solar system or in our galaxy.

11. Butterfly Effect
One could not pluck a flower without troubling a star. -  Francis Thompson
Idea of interconnectedness of life like a spider web-everything is intertwined and depends on everything else
Just like the “web of life”, the different systems of the Earth are complex and dependent upon one another for survival.
Assignment: turn to p. 9 in your book and list all the interactions of the different Earth systems from Figure 1-4.

12. Identify Earth System interactions…

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