1. AP World History Early Humans
(Even before) 8000 BCE 

2. Important Terms Prehistory Hominids Anthropology Paleontology
Archaeology

3. Hominids 3 species that arose at different times in prehistory:
Homo habilis = person with ability
~3 million to ~1.5 million years ago
Homo erectus = person who walks upright
~2 million to ~70,000 years ago
Homo sapiens = person who thinks
~200, ,000 years ago (To present)

4. Hominids Animals adapt themselves to environment
Hominids adapt environment to themselves
Use of tools
Language
Complex cooperative social structures

6. Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds

7. Dispersal

8. Prehistory “Before written record” Paleolithic – Early (old) Stone Age
Lasted 2 million + years
Mesolithic – Middle Stone Age
~20,000 BCE - ~5000 BCE
Neolithic – New Stone Age
~10,000 BCE - ~3000 BCE

9. Paleolithic Evidence:
Archaeological finds
Nomadic existence precludes advanced civilization
Groups of 30-50
Division of labor along gender lines
precludes accumulation of land-based wealth
More likely determinants of status: age, hunting skill, fertility, charisma

10. Mesolithic Tools become more refined Modified lifestyle
Chipped tools
Modified lifestyle
As environment and climate changes
Becoming less nomadic
Domestication of plants and animals

11. Neolithic Tool production becomes even more refined
Chipped vs. polished
Herding instead of hunting
Nurturing vegetation instead of foraging
Spread of Agriculture
Slash-and-and burn techniques
Overuse of soil = migration
Dispersal of crops from one region to another

12. Origins of early spread of agriculture

13. Agriculture and Population Growth

14. Examples of Neolithic construction
Stonehenge ^
England
Temple of Mnajdra
Malta 

15. Surplus Food, Specialization of Labor
Emergence of villages and towns
Range of manufactured products
Pottery, Jewelry, Textiles, Copper tools
Surplus food = TIME
Beginnings of Urbanization
Craft specialization
Social classes
Government

16. Social Distinctions
Accumulation of wealth = development of social classes
household decorations
goods buried with deceased members
Archaeological evidence of religious worship
clay figurines
drawings on pots
tool decorations
other ritual objects