1. MLA Format for Research Writing

2. What is MLA Style Format?
Standard format for writing that includes research
Format widely adopted by schools, literary journals, magazines, and newsletters across North America, Brazil, China, India, Japan, Taiwan, and other countries throughout the world
Provides a highly structured method for documenting outside sources used within your writing

3. What are the main elements of an essay formatted in MLA Style
First page formatting necessities
Works Cited
Parenthetical Citation (also known as Parenthetical References, or Parenthetical Documentation)

4. Main Element #1: First Page Formatting Necessities
Header (top right--last name and page number)
Heading (top left--Your Name, Teacher’s Name, Course Name, Date)
Title (no special formatting besides being centered)
Double-spaced throughout

5. Main Element #2: Works Cited (a.k.a Bibliography)
List of sources cited within your essay
Specific format for every type of source (I.e. book, website, interview, magazine, etc.)
Double-spaced
Hanging indent
Separate, last page of essay
Arranged alphabetically

6. Main Element #3: Parenthetical Citation
Specifically notes WHERE in your essay you have used a source from your Works Cited page
MUST be used whenever you have a Works Cited page
MUST be used for direct quotes, AND for paraphrasing or summarizing information from an outside source

7. Parenthetical Citation, continued
General format is (Author last name and page #).
When no author is given, or page numbers do not exist (as is the case for web sites), use the first item of information listed in your Works Cited entry for that source for your parenthetical citation
Citations should appear at the end of the sentence where you have included info. from an outside source

8. Let’s Practice Parenthetical Citation!
"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May Web. 24 May 2009.
GlobalWarming.org. Cooler Heads Coalition, Web. 24 May 2009.
Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self- organized Extinction." International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology (2007): Print
What would be the proper way to use parenthetical citation for each of the following sources in this sample Works Cited page?