1. Greek Wars

2. Greek Warfare
Phalanx- Greek fighting formation consisting of rows of men armed with long spears.

3. The Persian Wars: Overview
Despite their cultural ties, the Greek city-states were often in conflict with one another.
The threat of the powerful Persian empire united the Greek city-states.

4. The First Persian War 546 B.C
Cause
Persian Empire conquers Greek colonies in Ionia
Response
Ionians refuse to pay tribute and begin to rebel
Secretly the Athenians send weapons & a ship to aide the rebellion

5. The First Persian War 546 B.C
Result:
Darius I of Persia crushes rebellion
leaves Athens alone but always remembers
Greek vs. Persian

6. The Second Persian War 490 BC
Cause
Revenge for Athenian interference
“Master, Remember the Athenians” every day a servant said that to King Darius!

7. The Second Persian War 490 BC
Results
Battle of Marathon
Outnumbered Greeks defeat Persians
Pheidippides carries message of victory home to Athens 26 miles
The distance of the marathon.
“Rejoice, we conquer.”
Then he died.

8. Third Persian War 480 B.C. Cause Major Battles Persians want revenge
Come after Athens
by land and by sea
Major Battles
Battle of Thermopylae
Led by Spartan King Leonidas
6,000 Greeks vs. 200,000 Persians
Athens is burned

9. Third Persian War 480 B.C. Major Battles
Strait of Salamis: Naval Battle Persian fleet sunk -Forced to
retreat!
Battle of Plataea a year later final Persia forces defeated
Battle of Salamis

10. The Delian League Formed
Alliance headed by Pericles of Athens
To defend further Persian invasion
Collected dues from members
Problems
Forced members to remain
Used $ to rebuild Athens
Promoted democracies only
Sparta jealous!

11. The Impact of the Persian Wars
Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state.
Athens organized the Delian League,
With Pericles as its leader, Athens enters into its Golden Age!
Sparta will eventually form an opposing alliance

12. The Peloponnesian War: The Alliance System Fails!

13. The Peloponnesian War: CAUSES 431 B.C.
Many Greeks outside of Athens resented Athenian domination.
Sparta formed the Peloponnesian League to rival the Delian League.
Sparta and Athens rivaling for supremacy…
Who do you think will win?

14. The Peloponnesian War
Athens believes they are fighting for democracy and the good of Greece
27 year war ensues
Enthusiasm for the war high on both sides
Percales depends on the navy, high walls and food supplies to string out the war

15. "long wall" strategy of Pericles

16. A Mysterious Plague Hits Athens!
Plague destroys 1/3 of Athenian population
Plague sweeps through a total of 3 times during the war
Morale is low
Generals are dead, Pericles is dead, no leadership

17. The Peloponnesian War Sparta builds a blockade around the walls…
No supplies or food from the countryside
Athens surrenders!
All the Greek city- states divided and chaos!

18. The Peloponnesian War: Effects
Persia gained control of many city-states (Asia Minor)
Defeated democracy in Greece
Athen’s cultural influence continues

19. Ancient Greek Timeline
Using your notes and the book make a timeline of ancient Greek history
You should include following events:
The Minoan Civilization (book, pg 114)
The Mycenaean Civilization
The Trojan War
Homer’s writings are written.
Rise of Sparta and Athens (650BC)
The Persian wars (all 3 from your notes)
Peloponnesian War
Make sure you include the:
-Dates
-And a sentence telling what happened in each event or era. (Timeline should be colored)