1. (you say you want a revolution…)
The English Civil War
(you say you want a revolution…)

2. Fighting for the King King Charles I Royalists Cavaliers

3. Cavaliers
Cavaliers, named because they were members of the cavalry (soldiers trained to fight on horseback)

4. In Parliament’s Corner…
Parliamentarians
Roundheads
Oliver Cromwell

5. Roundheads Fought for Parliament
Roundheads, named for their close-cut hair, very different from the free flowing locks of the Cavaliers

6. Who were the different groups involved in the English Civil War?
Who do you think will have the upper hand?

7. The Back-story
King James I was a big believer in the divine right of kings (reigned from )
He believed that God put him on the throne and as a result, he could rule any way he chose
His son would go on to become King Charles I (reigned from ) and thought that dad had a GREAT idea
Parliament had other ideas

8. Why do you think King Charles I and Parliament had trouble getting along?

9. Religion King Henry VIII founded the Church of England in 1529
In 1625, King Charles I married Queen Henrietta Maria of France, a fiercely Catholic nation
Puritans believed the King to be a secret Catholic
In 1637, Charles I tried to force Scotland to make changes to their church services
In 1639, Scotland objected and mounted a rebellion

10. Rebellion Charles I needed to put down the Scottish rebellion of 1639
You need money to fight a war
Charles needed money from Parliament in order to fight the war
Parliament hadn’t been in session for 11 years (only the king could call Parliament and he didn’t want to hear their complaints)

11. Would you be more unhappy if your king tried to tax you or if he tried to control what happened in your church?

12. Parliament
In 1642, King Charles I moved to arrest the leaders of Parliament, but they’d been tipped off and escaped
War was now inevitable

13. Civil War The king had the strongest support in the north of England
Parliament’s support was strongest near London and in southeast England
Families were often on opposite sides of the fight

14. The End Charles I was defeated in 1648 and executed in 1649
Oliver Cromwell was named Lord Protector of England in 1653
Cromwell was not much better than King Charles I
After Cromwell’s death in 1658, Charles I’s son was “restored” to the throne
Cromwell’s body was dug up and dragged through the streets
An Eyewitness Representation of the Execution of Charles I of England, painted in 1649 by John Weesop