1. The Practice, Profession, and Research
PSY 313
Instructor: Dr. Emily Bullock

2. Your Thoughts
How do you see the role of career counseling in the broader spectrum of therapy and/or helping?
What have been your experiences with career assistance?
Who has helped you in educational/career pursuits throughout your life?
What was that experience with help like?
How did you perceive your helper?
Small groups discuss and compile group members reactions to these questions and report the groups information back to the entire class.

3. The History From farms to factories
Frank Parson’s 3 step model and Choosing a Vocation
Advocacy for vocational issues by NVGA now NCDA
Vocational Testing: WWI Army Alpha and Beta tests
The Depression created a need for more systematic method of career counseling
Career theories emerge in 1950’s: Roe’s, Super’s, Holland’s
Women working-WW2
Today: ASK CLASS: what is work like today, how does one progress through a career
Self vs organization: concept that today we need to encourage our clients to develop their worth as a worker rather than focusing all energy on the company they are with now
Career died: discuss the idea that there is no longer such a concept as a career

4. Career Counseling and Vocational Psychology
Vocational Psychology is the scientific and research field that informs the understanding of personal career development, career assessment, and the practice of career counseling
Career counseling is the helping field that focuses on aiding individuals in their career development across the lifespan
National Career Development Association
Career Convergence
Consumer info-find a counselor
Career Development Facilitator & Career Coaches
Professional training and resource guidelines

5. NCDA 11 Career Counseling Competencies
Career Development Theory
Individual and Group Counseling Skills
Individual/Group Assessment
Information/Resources
Program Promotion, Management, and Implementation
Coaching, Consultation, and Performance Improvement
Diverse Populations
Supervision
Ethical/Legal Issues
Research/Evaluation
Technology

6. Theories of Career Development
Career Counselors utilizes specific theories or approaches to career development to work with clients
Holland’s Theory
Cognitive Information Processing Approach
Gottfredson’s Theory
Super’s Theory

7. Vocational Rehabilitation: A related field
“Counsel individuals to maximize the independence and employability of persons coping with personal, social, and vocational difficulties that result from birth defects, illness, disease, accidents, or the stress of daily life.” (
Often works for government or community-based organization to get individuals BACK to work

8. Career Counseling and Social Advocacy
Counselor Training
Multicultural competency
Personal biases
Role of racism, sexism, and political & economic disenfranchisement
Illegal immigration
Differences across cultures

9. Career Counseling and Mental Health
The role of work in people’s lives
Admundson & Borgen’s concepts of
grieving the job loss process
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
Job search burnout
Enthusiasm, stagnation, frustration, apathy, and further depression
EAP counseling
Systems approach to career issues
Differences between career and other issues

10. Your Client does not Work
The use of career counseling theories and concepts in:
Retirement planning
Volunteer planning
Leisure planning
Appropriate decision making

11. Current Research in Vocational Psychology
Career Counseling and Students (Fabio & Bernaud, 2008)
RAISEC and U.S. population (Reardon et.al., 2007)
Self Efficacy (Bandura, 1977, 1982, 1993, 1997; Betz 1992)
Decision Making (Harren, 1979; Blustein et.al, 1989; Brisbin & Savickas, 1994; Super, 1955; Gushue et.al., 2006)
Journal of Career Development
Journal of Vocational Behavior
Journal of Career Assessment
Career Development Quarterly