1. Topic 3
Modeling

2. Topics 3.1 – Conceptual Modeling 3.2 – Graphical Modeling
3.3 – Physical Modeling
3.4 – Computer Aided Design
3.5 – Rapid Prototyping

3. 3.1 – Conceptual Modeling
A model that exists in the mind used to help us know and understand ideas.
What does that even mean?
The starting point for solving a problem
A detailed exploration of the idea is vital to take it from the intangible to the tangible
Also must be able to articulate the idea to others
Can be graphical, physical, or virtual

4. Concept Models can vary depending on the context
Product design
Generating ideas and then developing them to sell to customers
This is basically your IA
Service Design
Planning and organizing people, infrastructure, components, etc. in order to improve quality/efficiency
System design
Don’t worry about it!

5. Advantages / Disadvantages of Conceptual Modeling
Help with project planning
Put abstract ideas into a visual/understandable form that might not be imaginable otherwise.
Promote communication between designer, design team members or clients.
DISADVANTAGES
Make assumptions that in reality do not work
may lack details – too simplistic
scale may distort perceptions or understandings
Graphic models such as flow charts may be difficult for people to understand.

7. TO SUMMARIZE
Instead of a designer just jumping in and starting production on a design, CONCEPTUAL MODELING allows designers a chance to try out ideas.
It is ALWAYS ITERATIVE

8. 3.2 Graphical Modeling
Graphical Models are used to communicate design ideas
Simplify data and present it in such a way that understanding of what is being presented aids further development or discussion.
Used as a tool to explore creative solutions and communicate ideas
Refine ideas
to explore creative solutions
move from the technically impossible to the technically possible

9. Types of Graphical Modeling
2D Graphical Models
Napkin sketches
Orthographic drawings
3-D Graphical Models
Isometric
Exploding Isometric
Perspective Drawings
Exploding Part and Assembly drawings

10. Napkin sketch

11. Simple Orthographic Drawing

13. Isometric Drawing

14. Exploding Isometric

15. Part and Assembly Drawing

16. Perspective Drawing

17. Sketching vs Formal Drawings
Sketching/Freehand Drawing
Drawing without technical aids
Used in the early stages of development to explore shape and form (3D) and construction details (2D)
Almost ALWAYS annotated
Describes thinking behind the image
Ideas for further development
Formal Drawings
Usually done with CAD or fancy drawing tools
Used at a later stage right before product is made
Generally used to communicate to the manufacturer

18. 3.3 – Physical Modeling
Designers use physical models to visualize information about the context that the model represents.
Often they are large objects scaled down and smaller objects are scaled up.
Makes them easier to visualize
PRIMARY GOAL  to test the aspects of a product against user requirements.
TESTING AND EVALUATION!!!!

19. Types of Physical Models
Scale Models – a physical representation of an object that maintains the same size relationships
Aesthetic Models – checking out the look and feel of the final product
Mock-Ups - a scale or full-size model of a design or device, used for teaching, demonstration, design evaluation, promotion, and other purposes.
Prototypes – like a mock up EXCEPT it provides at least part of the functionality of a system and enables testing of a design.
Instrumented models – uses data collection tools to give more precise information to the designer.

22. Aesthetic Modeling

23. Mock-ups

25. Prototypes

26. Instrumented Model

27. 3.5 – Rapid prototyping

28. A group of techniques used to create a scale model or just part of a product using CAD data.
Ex. 3D printing

32. Types of Rapid Prototyping
Stereolithography
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
This is what our 3D printer does
Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM)
Selective laser sintering (SLS)
Using the links on the website differentiate between these four rapid prototyping techniques.

33. SLS FDM LOM SL TECHNIQUE BASIC METHOD (how it works) BEST USES
COST (keep it general – expensive, super expensive, cheap, etc.
SLS
FDM
LOM SL