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TEMPERATURE, PULSE, RESPIRATIONS
Abbreviated: TPR
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TEMPERATURE The measurement of core body heat, balance between heat lost & heat produced
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ROUTES TO MEASURE TEMPERATURE
Oral: By mouth Rectally: By rectum Axillary: Under the arm in the armpit Tympanic: In the ear
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TYPES OF THERMOMETERS Digital Electronic: To be used for oral, rectal, and axillary Thermoscan - Digital: To be used for tympanic Mercury or glass: To be used for oral, rectal, and axillary
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NORMS Orally: 97.6 - 99.6 degrees Fahrenheit
Rectally: degrees Fahrenheit Tympanic - manufacturers say to measure as for rectal Axillary: degrees Fahrenheit
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WHAT THERMOMETER SHOULD BE USED?
Tympanic: Special device with plastic covers. Electronic: All routes. Clean Probes with each use Mercury: All routes. Rounded ends are rectal; Straight ends oral and axillary.
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DURATION FOR TAKING TEMPERATURES
Tympanic: As long as it takes to push a button Electronic: Until the thermometer beeps Mercury Oral: Three minutes Mercury Rectal: Three minutes Mercury Axillary: Ten minutes
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BE CAREFUL ON RECTAL AND AXILLARY TEMPS
Always hold the thermometer in place while measuring both temperatures Always use lubricant with rectal temperatures Always remove clothing around axilla
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READING THE THERMOMETER
Mercury Fahrenheit thermometers are read by degree and 0.2 of a degree Long lines indicate degrees Short lines indicate 0.2 of a degree Four short lines between each long line (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8)
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PULSE The wave of blood created by the heart pumping, that travels along the arteries.
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FIND WHERE TO PULSES At points where the artery is between finger tips and a bony area Called pulse points Felt with 2-3 fingers, but never the thumb
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PULSE POINTS AND THEIR LOCATIONS
Temporal Carotid Apical Brachial Radial Femoral Popliteal Dorsal Pedalis
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HOW TO MEASURE? Measured in beats per minute
Count the waves for 60 seconds Or, count the waves for 30 seconds - multiply by 2
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NORMS Pulse norms are 60 - 100 beats per minute
Pulses between are in a gray area - high normal Faster than tachycardia Slower than 60 - bradycardia
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QUALITY OF PULSE Rhythm: regular or irregular
Rate: Within the normal limits Strength: Strong, bounding, thready
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WHAT AFFECTS PULSE RATES AND QUALITY
Body Temperature Emotions Activity Level Health of the Heart
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RESPIRATION The mechanical act of breathing in air (inspiration) and expelling air (expiration) from the body
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RESPIRATION Measured in breaths per minute
Normal range is breaths per minute Greater than 20 is tachypnea Less than 12 is bradypnea Watch for rate, depth, quality of breath, and difficulty in breathing
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METHOD OF MEASURING TPR
If using a mercury thermometer, measure the pulse and respiration while waiting for the temperature If using another method of measuring the temperature, complete the temperature - then measure the pulse and respiration Keep you fingers on the pulse while measuring the respiration
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CHARTING Chart in order temperature - pulse - respiration.
Write (Ax) after axillary temperatures Write (R) after rectal temperatures
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ABBREVIATIONS SOB - Short of breath
TPR - Temperature, pulse, and respiration Within normal limits P.O. - By mouth BID -Twice a day TID -Three times a day QID - Four times a day PRN - As needed Ad Lib - At liberty B/P - Blood Pressure VS - Vital Signs
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ABBREVIATIONS SOB TPR WNL PO BID TID QID PRN Ad Lib B/P VS
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ABBREVIATIONS Short of breath Temperature, pulse, and respiration
Within normal limits By mouth Twice a day Three times a day Four times a day As needed At liberty Blood Pressure Vital Signs
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TERMS Eupnea - Normal breathing
Orthopnea - Sitting upright to breath more easily Apnea - No breath Hyperpnea - Fast, deep breathing Tachypnea - Fast, shallow breathing Bradypnea - Slow breathing Dyspnea - Painful or difficult breathing Tachycardia - Pulse rate in excess of 100 bpm Bradycardia - pulse rate less than 60 bpm
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TERMS Eupnea Orthopnea Apnea Hyperpnea Tachypnea Bradypnea Dyspnea
Tachycardia Bradycardia
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TERMS Normal Breathing Sitting upright to breath more easily
Fast, deep breathing Fast, shallow breathing Slow breathing Painful or difficult breathing Pulse rate in excess of 100 beats per minute Pulse rate less that 60 beats per minute
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TERMS Bounding pulse - excessively strong pulse
Thready pulse - Pulse rate difficult to palpate because the heart is not beating hard enough to produce a strong wave of blood. Feels as though there is a piece of thread running under the fingertips.
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TERMS Bounding pulse Thready pulse
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TERMS Excessively strong pulse
Pulse difficult to palpate because heart not beating heard enough
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The normal range for an oral temperature is
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F CCD35C69-96E6-7E48-A418-A0163A25DEA0 A.) B.) C.) D.) E.)
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The wave of blood created by the heart pumping, that travels along the arteries is a
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F C F890-DD42-B602-9D1E78E04DE7 A.) emboli B.) pulse C.) respiration D.) hypertension E.)
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Normal range for pulse is
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F F67A2EEF-F A746-9EE79C07BEDD A.) bpm B.) bpm C.) bpm D.) bpm E.)
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The two most common sites to take a pulse are
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F C3B78020-A640-E24D-8455-DAE9AA5A5968 A.) Apical & Radial B.) temporal & carotid C.) brachial & popliteal D.) Radial & bcarotid E.)
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The average respiratory rates for an adult is
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F E6CEC2E6-2E37-6F4C-ABE1-4169C501DE71 A.) 12-15 B.) 12-20 C.) 20-30 D.) 30-40 E.)
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Painful or difficult breathing is
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F E75E54E2-1B36-7D45-BC B581FEFE A.) Eupnea B.) Orthopnea C.) dyspnea D.) apnea E.)
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A heart Rate of 55 is A.) Bradycardia B.) tachycardia C.) Normal
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F 5F0F44F0-05D7-F84A-AAB6-C05B6454E67D A.) Bradycardia B.) tachycardia C.) Normal D.) eupnea E.)
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A Pulse rate difficult to palpate because the heart is not beating hard enough to produce a strong wave of blood is often described as iRespond Question Multiple Choice F B6E05C4B-A3AA-2044-B20F-F6B2A A.) Bounding B.) Thready C.) Not so good D.) Normal E.)
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When taking a pt's respiratory rate you should make sure they do not know when you are counting their rate iRespond Question Multiple Choice F DF810C F96 A.) True B.) False C.) D.) E.)
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You use your thumb when pressing an artey against a bone to get a pulse
iRespond Question Multiple Choice F 26579AA1-0D58-394B-B10B-236B6C857B2E A.) True B.) False C.) D.) E.)
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