1. Fish and food security
SPC Strategic Engagement, Policy and Planning Facility

2. Key questions How can tuna best contribute to economic growth?
How much fish will be needed for future food security?
How many livelihoods can fish resources sustain?

3. Major drivers
Population growth
Major drivers

4. Major drivers
Population growth
High dependence on fish

5. SPC Study ‘Planning the use of fish for food security in the Pacific’
Estimate fish needed for good nutrition, and current consumption
Forecast the fish required (to 2030)
Identify how to meet future needs for fish
Joint project: Division Marine Resources, Statistics & Demography, Public Health, Strategic Engagement, Policy and Planning Facility

6. Fish needed for good nutrition
Basic protein requirement is 0.7 g/kg body weight/day (WHO)
Ideal: 50% of protein derived from fish
= 35 kg/person/year

7. Current consumption of fish
Based on household income and expenditure surveys (HIES) for 15 PICTs
Socio-economic surveys of fishing villages in 16 PICTs during PROCFish

8. Key findings on fish consumption
Very high!
>70 kg per capita for 6 PICTs in Micro. & Poly.
>35 kg in 5 PICTs
~20 kg in 4 PICTs
~10 kg in PNG

9. Key findings on fish consumption
Very high!
Great dependence in rural areas!
Rural > urban
>90 kg for 7 PICTs
PNG is an exception

10. Key findings on fish consumption
Very high!
Great dependence in rural areas!
Subsistence!
In rural areas, 60-90% of fish is caught by household
~50% in urban areas of smaller PICTs

11. Key findings on fish consumption
Very high!
Great dependence in rural areas!
Subsistence!
Fresh fish!
75-99% of diet is fresh fish in rural and urban areas

12. Key findings on fish consumption
Very high!
Great dependence in rural areas!
Subsistence!
Fresh fish!
Fish supplies most animal protein!
In rural areas fish contributes 70-90% of animal protein intake
PNG is an exception

13. Main messages Good news - people are eating plenty of fish
Reality - they have few alternatives
Action - Provide continued access to the fish people need
subsistence fishing in rural areas
cheap fish in urban areas

14. Dimensions of the challenge

15. Fish needed for food (tonnes)
Some examples
PICT
2010
2030
Solomon Islands
18,000
29,900
- urban
3,400
8,700
- rural
14,600
21,300
Kiribati
7,700
10,200
3,500
6,100
4,200
4,100
Tonga
3,900
900
1,400
2,600
2,500

16. Where will the fish come from?
Coastal fisheries
Close at hand
Traditional use

17. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20 10 10

18. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20 10 10

19. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20 10 10

20. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20 10 10

21. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20 10 10

22. The problem Solomon Islands 40 40 30 30
Urban
Coastal fish production (t x 1000)
Fish needed (tonnes x 1000) 20 20
Rural 10 10

23. A widespread problem

24. What is the solution?

25. Maintain the production from coastal fisheries
Gap to be filled

26. 2. Increasing access to fish
Storing and distributing low-value tuna landed by industrial fleets

27. 2. Increasing access to fish
Low cost, inshore fish aggregating devices (FADs)

28. 2. Increasing access to fish
Small pond aquaculture

29. 2. Increasing access to fish
Develop fisheries for small pelagics

30. Food security for rural areas
Food security today
Food security for rural areas
Aquaculture
export
commodities
Freshwater
fisheries
Livelihoods
Coastal
finfish
Food security for rural areas
Subsistence
Sales

31. Improved security today
Food security for rural areas
Food security for rural areas
Freshwater
fisheries
Coastal
export
fisheries
Aquaculture
export
commodities
Tuna
FADs
Pond
aquaculture
Coastal
finfish
fisheries
Livelihoods
New options
New vehicles

32. A new approach Ec. growth Food Livelihoods
What is emerging is a need to consider a new approach to planning and managing the fisheries of the Pacific

33. Fish needed for food (tonnes)
5,000 t
10,000 t
15,000 t
20,000 t
Coastal
Oceanic
Aqua Fw
Food F
Food
Food L L
Revenue
Livelihoods

34. Priority Actions Manage coastal fisheries sustainably
Store and distribute low-value tuna in urban areas.
Develop inshore FAD infrastructure, fishing techniques and post-harvest
Develop small pond aquaculture
Develop fisheries for small pelagics

35. Information