1. A Nation in Arms
11-2

2. A Nation in Arms Committee of Public Safety raised a massive army
the Convention issued the following proclamation ordering a levée en masse (forced conscription)
"From this moment until such time as its enemies shall have been driven from the soil of the Republic all Frenchmen are in permanent requisition for the services of the armies. The young men shall fight; the married men shall forge arms and transport provisions; the women shall make tents and clothes and shall serve in the hospitals; the children shall turn linen into lint; the old men shall betake themselves to the public squares in order to arouse the courage of the warriors and preach hatred of kings and the unity of the Republic"
All unmarried able bodied men aged between 18 and 25 were to report immediately for military service. Those married, as well as the remaining men, women and children, were to focus their efforts on arming and supplying the army.

3. Rise of the Revolutionary Army
Huge army  1 million soldiers by Sept 1794
Largest army ever seen in Europe
Pushed invaders back
Conquered Austrian Netherlands

4. End of the Terror
Summer 1794  French had largely defeated their foreign foes
Less need for the Reign of Terror, but it still went on
The Law of 22 Prairial (Law of Great Terror) was passed in June 1794
Robespierre gave himself MORE power to arrest and execute enemies of the Revolution

5. End of the Terror (con’t)
National Convention members were afraid that they would be next so they guillotined Robespierre on July 28, 1794.

6. The Directory
Reign of Terror ended, National Convention moved in a more conservative direction
Restricted the power of the Committee of Public Safety
Churches reopened
Another new constitution

7. Constitution of 1795 Two legislative houses
Lower house = the Council of 500
Drafted laws
Upper house (250) = the Council of Elders
Accepted or rejected laws
Members of both houses were chosen by electors (qualified voters)
Own/rent property worth certain amount
Only 30,000 people qualified

8. Constitution of 1795 (con’t)
Executive Branch
Committee of five = the Directory
Chosen by the Council of Elders from a list presented by the Council of 500
Known for corruption

9. Problems Political enemies Still economic problems Corruption
Still expensive wars

10. The Fall Directory relied on military to maintain power UNTIL
1799—Gen Napoleon Bonaparte staged a coup d'état