1. Section 16.2
Energy Transfer

2. Conduction
Transfer of thermal energy with no overall transfer of matter.
Conduction occurs when objects are touching
Conduction in gases is slower than in liquids and solids because the particles in a gas collide less often.

3. Thermal Conductors
Materials that conducts or transfers thermal energy well.
Examples:
Copper
Aluminum
Gold
Iron
Silver
Lead

4. Thermal Insulator
Materials that conducts or transfers thermal energy poorly.
Examples:
Glass
Rubber
Fiberglass
Air
Wood
Ceramic

5. Convection
Transfer of thermal energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another.
Air circulating in an oven and boiling water in a pan are examples of convection current

6. Radiation Transfer of thermal energy by waves moving thru space.
Examples
The Sun
Light Bulbs
Heat Lamps
Toaster

7. Conduction, Convection, Radiation

8. Thermodynamics Thermodynamics
Conversions between heat and other forms of energy
1st Law of Thermodynamics
Energy is Conserved
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Thermal Energy can flow from colder objects to hotter objects only if work is done on the system
3rd Law of Thermodynamics
Absolute Zero cannot be reached.

9. Thermodynamics Absolute Zero -273.15 ºC -459.67 ºF
Lowest record temperature is just 3 billionths away.