1. Body
Systems

2. **VIDEO
video
Digestive System

3. Digestive system What does it do?
Breaks down food and drink into smaller pieces so the body can use them to build and nourish cells and to provide energy.
Common problems/injuries? Heartburn (acid reflux), ulcers, gallstones, IBS, constipation, Crohn’s disease

4. Digestive System Mouth Digestion begins here Pharynx Esophagus Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum

5. **VIDEO
video
Nervous System

6. Nervous system What does it do?
Sensory neurons take information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain.
Motor neurons carry messages away from the brain and back to the rest of the body.
Common problems/injuries?
Brain tumors, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, concussions, meningitis, mental illnesses, migraines

7. Central Nervous System
The Nervous System
Is divided into 2 sections
Central Nervous System
Cerebrum – 85% of the brain, controls thinking, long- and short term memory.
Cerebellum – located at the back of the
brain, controls balance.
Spinal Cord – connects neurons to the brain
video

8. Peripheral Nervous System
Made up of huge network of interconnecting neurons across the body.
Cranial Nerve – effects motion and feeling in the face. It does not pass through the spinal cord.

9. **VIDEO ON GIRL
Endocrine System

10. ENDOCRINE system ENDOCRINE = HORMONES What does it do?
It helps regulate and maintain various body functions, especially metabolic activity.
Common problems/injuries? Diabetes, thyroid disorders
ENDOCRINE = HORMONES

11. Endocrine System Pituitary Gland
“Master Gland”; controls all endocrine glands
Hypothalamus
Controls metabolism and homeostasis
Thyroid Gland
Regulates metabolism
Parathyroid Gland
Controls calcium in blood and bones
Adrenal Gland
Controls metabolism and stress responses
Pinal Gland
Regulates wake/sleep cycle
Reproductive Glands
Controls sex hormones
Pancreas
Aids in food digestion and controls blood sugar levels

12. **VIDEO
video
Respiratory System

13. Respiratory system What does it do? Supplies the blood with oxygen.
We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This gas exchange is how we get the oxygen to the blood.
Common problems/injuries?
Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia

14. Respiratory System Nasal cavity is lined with…
Cilia ~ which filter the air
Mucous Membrane ~ which moistens the air
Blood Capillaries ~ which warm the air

15. Respiratory System A – Lungs B – Alveoli C – Nasal Cavity D – Mouth
E – Trachea
F – Diaphragm
G – Epiglottis
H – Bronchia
I – Pharynx I G H

16. **VIDEO
video
Circulatory System

17. Circulatory system What does it do?
It circulates blood through the body. This is our “blood pressure”, which is the contraction and relaxation of our heart muscle.
Systole = Contraction
Diastole = Relaxation
Normal Blood pressure is 120 / 80
Common problems/injuries?
Atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, angina, aneurysm, arrhythmia

18. Circulatory System atrium ventricle atrium ventricle blue lungs oxygen
The heart is divided into 4 chambers, right ________________ and ____________________ and the left ______________________ and _________________________.
Oxygen-poor blood, ____________ blood, circulates to the right side of the heart, it is sent to the _______________ to get __________________. The _______ blood is then sent back to the left side of the heart to be circulated back through the _______________.
atrium
ventricle
atrium
ventricle
blue
lungs
oxygen
red
body

19. From the left ventricle through
the aorta to all parts of the body
From the right ventricle through
the pulmonary artery to the lungs
From the body into
the right atrium
From the lungs into the
left atrium
From the left atrium into the
left ventricle
From the right atrium into
the right ventricle

20. **VIDEO
Lymphatic System

21. LYMPHATIC = IMMUNE SYSTEM
Lymphatic system
What does it do?
It transports fluids throughout the body, and a vital part of the immune system.
The vessels carry proteins to the lymph nodes, which are filled with white blood cells that kill bacteria and other pathogens, before sending the protein back into the body.
Common problems/injuries?
Lymphedema (non-cancerous), lymphoma (cancer)
LYMPHATIC = IMMUNE SYSTEM

22. all throughout our body, what is the largest one?
We have lymph nodes
all throughout our body, what is the largest one?
LIVER

23. **VIDEO
video
SKELETAL system

24. Skeletal System What does it do? Provides shape to the body
Gives muscles a place to attach
Protects certain organs
Common problems/injuries?
Sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations

25. 206 Do you know how many bones we have in our body?
Babies are born with 270 soft bones - about 64 more than an adult; and many of these will fuse together by the age of twenty or twenty-five into the 206 hard, permanent bones.

26. How many
bones can
you label?

27. Terms associated with the skeletal system:
Joint – point at which 2 bones come together
Dislocation – when one bone pulls out of a joint
Ligaments – attach bone to bone at a joint
Sprain – a pull or tear in a ligament
Tendons – Attach muscle to bone at a joint
Strain – a pull or tear in a tendon or muscle
Cartilage – cushion between the bones at a joint

28. **VIDEO
muscular system

29. muscular system What does it do? Movement Creates heat
Provides protection for the joints
Common problems/injuries?
Strains, pulled muscles, cramps

30. How do muscles work together to cause movement?
The muscles work in pairs to keep your body moving.
When one muscle contracts (shortens), the other one relaxes (lengthens).
Ex… The biceps and triceps muscles work as a pair to bend and straighten the arm (flexion and extension).

31. How many muscles can you label?
Deltoids
Trapezius
Pectorals
Triceps
Bicep
Latissimus
Dorsi
Abs
Gluteus
Maximus
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
How many muscles can you label?

32. What would be an example of this?
Many of the body systems depend on other body systems in order to function properly.
What would be an example of this?