1. Human Reproductive System Review

2. Male Reproductive System

3. Sperm Formation MEIOSIS forms sperm in gametes Sperm forms in testes
Scrotum keeps cooler than rest
Semen is sperm plus protecting fluid
Semen leaves testes through the vas deferens (sperm ducts) to the urethra before it exits.

4. Secondary Sexual Characteristics - Male
Produced by testosterone
Deeper voice
Chest and facial hair
Lengthen bones
Increased size of testes for sperm production

5. Female Reproductive System
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6. Ovum Formation MEIOSIS forms the eggs (ova)
Eggs are formed before birth
1 egg per month is matured and released from ovaries, most of the time
Eggs travel through the fallopian tube where they may become fertilized

7. Secondary Sexual Characteristics - Female
Induced by increased LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone hormone levels
Pubic hair
Widen pelvis
Enlarge mammary tissue (breasts)
Begin menstrual cycles

8. Fertilization Occurs in upper 1/3 of Fallopian tube
Only 1 sperm can fertilize an egg
Fertilized egg = zygote
An average woman is pregnant (gestational period) for 9 whole months. That is 40 weeks. Babies can survive if they are born earlier, but they may have complications due to being premature.

9. Implantation Fertilized eggs are implanted into thick walls of uterus
Zygote grows into an embryo
Embryo gets air and nutrients through the umbilical cord
Mom’s uterus grows with the baby

10. 1st Trimester = 1st 12 weeks Heart develops first Neural tube develops
All body systems appear by Week 8 – Now a Fetus

11. 2nd Trimester = up to 24 weeks
Most growth
Looks more like a baby
Some preemies survive at this stage

12. 3rd Trimester = Up to 40 weeks
More growth
Kicking, rolling, stretching
Eyes open – Week 32
Lungs mature
Rotates to head-down
position, unless baby is breech
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13. Birth Labor Uterine contractions begin Cervix dilates to 10 cm. Birth
Uterus pushes baby through vaginal canal
Placenta delivered after baby
Cesarean Section (c-section) is a surgery that cuts through the uterus to deliver the baby if it cannot be born vaginally