1. Two “Bookends” of Europe
Britain and Russia
Two “Bookends” of Europe

2. Terms—Britain and Russia
Queen Victoria (r – 1901)
Tories (Conservative)
Whigs (Liberal)
Great Reform Bill of 1832
Nicholas I
Crimean War
Alexander II
Emancipation Edict (1861)

3. GREAT BRITAIN

4. King William IV (r – 1837)

5. Queen Victoria (r – 1901)

6. Prince Albert

7. Victoria and Albert

8. Great Britain
Political change came through gradual reform rather than violent revolution

9. Great Britain Two-party system: Whig Party—Liberals
“We want change now! Reforms!!!”
Tory Party—Conservatives
“Go slow!!”

10. Crimean War (1853 – 1855) Florence Nightengale

11. The British Empire

12. Reform Reform is used to spread the vote and address social issues
Political parties compete for votes by offering reform

13. Reforms Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 Great Reform Bill of 1832
Slavery is abolished in empire –1833
Municipal Reform – 1835
Repeal of the Corn Laws – 1846
Reform Bills of 1867 & 1884

14. Russia

15. Russian Serfs

16. Decembrist Revolt--1825

18. Autocracy
Absolute monarchy in which the tsar ruled by divine right with absolute power

19. Nicholas I—The “Gendarme of Europe” / Europe’s Policement (1796 – 1855)

20. Crimean War (1853 – 1855)

21. Russian Soldiers in Crimean War

22. Russian City of Sevastopol –Burned During Crimean War

23. Losses in the Crimean War

24. Alexander II (r – 1881)

25. Emancipation Edict
Abolishes serfdom!

26. Russian Writers Use Their “Pens” to Discuss Russia’s Problems
Turgenev, Fathers and Sons (1862)
Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment (1866)
Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina (1877)

27. The “People” Get Involved--Protest
Populists – Radicals. Peasant socialists. Some become terrorists.
“Narod” – “People” in Russian. Students who went among the peasants to spread the idea of revolution. Become radicals.
We see the “people’s will.”