1. Building Modern America 1865-1901
Industrialization
Building Modern America

2. Industry Natural Resources Large Workforce
Timber, iron, copper, coal, oil
No dependence on foreign resources
Keeps jobs in US
Large Workforce
Immigration
Larger Families (better living conditions support bigger families)

3. Industry New Inventions/Technology Free Enterprise
Telephone=better communications
Light bulb=cheap lighting, easier
Automatic Loom=Made cloth faster
Free Enterprise
“Laissez-faire” policies: “Let people do as they choose,” or hands-off economic policies
Few restrictions and interference from government
Allowed industries to grow

4. Railroads Settlement in the Plains and the West
Brought settlers and goods West
Transported goods, ideas, and people between East and West faster and cheaper
Impact on Native Americans
Brought disease (small pox or “white scabs disease”)
Affected buffalo migration patterns
Depleted food sources
Violence against Natives protecting their lands
Alcohol
Forced Natives from their homelands

5. Railroads Financing Boosting Industry in the US Bribery Land Grants
Private Investment
Gifts of Public Land
Money generated from running railroads
Boosting Industry in the US
Increased markets by expanding West
Increased money spent on resources
Bribery
Government helped fund RR, officials made money
Investors wanted more land grants from government

6. Big Business Control of Big Business Eliminating Competition
Monopoly- Single company controls an entire market (no option but to use that company)
Trusts- Legal arrangement that allows one person to manage another person’s property
Eliminating Competition
Pools (kept prices at certain levels)
Trusts (controlling property of someone else)
Monopolies (control of entire market)
Vertical and Horizontal Integration (owning and controlling all aspects of a business)

8. Big Business Expanding Business
Want to control all aspects of their businesses
Keep costs low and profits high
Want to eliminate competition
Impact on Local Businesses and Communities
Forces small businesses to either shut down or sell out to larger businesses
Creates job for community
Changes the fabric of the community by eliminating local business

9. Unions
Goals of Unions
Unite workers from different industries/companies
Only tool available to create change when others failed
Want to improve:
Working Conditions
Wages
Job Security
Tensions between
workers and employers
caused by deflation

10. Unions Unsuccessful Strikes Opposition to immigrants
Confrontations led to violence
Courts ruled against unions
Frequent strikes (stops production)
Unfocused goals (too many demands at once)
Blacklisting
Opposition to immigrants
Many union members were immigrants
Unions associated with violence/fear of anarchy and revolution
Thought un-American because of Marxism (class struggle between workers and owners, popular in Europe)

12. Unions Women Paid less than men (assumption of male financial support)
Domestic Work (given “women’s work,” which paid less)
Excluded from unions- women thought to have no voice (assumed fathers and husbands would express women’s concerns)

13. Impact of Industrialization on American Lifestyle
Urbanization- people moving to cities
Immigration – people coming to work from other countries
Increased standard of living/better living conditions
Advanced technology
US becomes more powerful world power
Cheaper goods
Faster transportation