1. Get out your Greece Study Guide

2. AFRICA Black Sea Italy Mediterranean Sea Nile River Egypt Red Sea
ATHENS
Adriatic Sea
Italy
Tyrrhenian Sea
Aegean Sea
Ionian Sea
Cyprus
SPARTA
Crete
Peloponnesus
Mediterranean Sea
Nile River
Egypt
Red Sea
AFRICA

3. ANSWERS WILL VARY high mountains & water to grow food
ships used to carry goods to trade with other city-states
no compasses or charts, no lighthouses, had to use the stars to guide them

4. MONARCHY OLIGARCHY TYRANNY DEMOCRACY
ruling power is in the hands of the king, rulers inherit power from family
ruling power is in the hands of a few wealthy people
TYRANNY
DEMOCRACY
ruling power is in the hands of one person who is not a lawful king,
tyrants took control and ruled by force
all citizens share ruling power

5. democracy
only free men were citizens
Council of 500
Assembly of at least 6,000 to vote on laws proposed by Council
oligarchy
Important decisions were made by the “Council of Elders” (2 kings and 28 “elected” noble men)
Assembly had little power
based on trade
“agora” – huge marketplace where goods were bought and sold
developed its own coins
based on farming and conquering other people
discouraged trade
used heavy, iron bars as money
purpose of education was to produce good citizens
sharp mind & healthy body
formal education was primarily just for boys
purpose was to produce men & women to protect the city-state
valued discipline & strength
focus was on being a brave soldier
not considered citizens
far fewer rights than men
women managed the household
slaves: tutors, craftsmen, farmers, factory workers, silver miners
women had many rights & were expected to be strong like men
slaves (helots) outnumbered the citizens, treated harshly but had some rights

6. it was a sign they accepted his rule Athenian Navy
Ionian
Darius
people from a rich,
Greek settlement in Ionia who were conquered
Thermopylae
Marathon
Xerxes
it was a sign they accepted his rule
Athenian Navy
Spartans
drew the Persians into a valley and attacked from the sides
Salamis
Plataea
narrow channels between islands
The Athenians and the Spartans
fought together to preserve independence and keep Persia from conquering all of Europe
300 40

7. houses were small & uncomfortable while public spaces were
nice and large, public spaces were a source of pride for the citizens
Demeter
Goddess of Agriculture
Athena
Ares
Artemis
Apollo
Hestia
Goddess of the Hearth
Poseidon God
of the
Sea
Hephaestus
Aphrodite
Hermes

8. DORIC IONIC ANSWERS MAY VARY CORINTHIAN
Greek sculptors created lifelike statues that were influenced by Egyptian styles
statues were painted with colors & metalworkers attached bronze pieces that went with the statue
Phidias was a famous Greek sculptor who was known for revealing true images of the gods

9. ANSWERS WILL VARY Dionysus theater wine
so men could play female characters
the masks showed the audience the character’s emotions
love
wisdom
ANSWERS WILL VARY

10. ANSWERS WILL VARY ANSWERS WILL VARY
crowns of laurel leaves and pots filled with olive oil
gods and goddesses (specifically – Zeus)
ANSWERS
WILL VARY
carrying of the Olympic torch to the opening ceremony
ANSWERS
WILL VARY

11. NO ANSWER KEY FOR THIS PAGE
YOUR ILLUSTRATIONS
SHOULD MATCH THE
CAPTIONS IN EACH FRAME.

12. our alphabet grew out of the one used by the Greeks
punctuation and grammar are based on Greek writing
connections in literature
the United States is a democracy
U.S. citizens can serve on juries
Hippocrates believed that diseases had natural causes, not punishments from the gods
modern-day doctors now take the “Hippocratic Oath”
ancient medical students discovered the heart pumped blood & the brain was the center of the nervous system
modern-day med students continue to study the human body
Pythagoras was fascinated by geometry
we now use the Pythagorean Theorem with right triangles
Aristarchus suggested the Earth moved around the sun
Hipparchus studied distances from Earth to stars/sun
modern-day scientists can now predict eclipses of the moon
ancient Greeks developed latitude and longitude
we still use these measurements on modern-day maps
the way we classify animals and plants is related to the way a philosopher named Aristotle did in ancient Greece

13. ANSWERS WILL VARY
ANSWERS WILL VARY