1. OPERATION MARKET GARDEN
September 17th to September 25th 1944
“all but one…”
BZ, SG, AP

2. What does this even mean? Let's find out!
Short Thesis
Allies built the building, but forgot the foundation.
What does this even mean? Let's find out!
BEN

3. Thesis
The overconfidence of the Allies gained after forcing the Germans back into Belgium led to poor preparation and execution of Operation Market Garden, resulting in the failure at Arnhem and eventually the Operation, ultimately extending the length of World War Two.
BEN

4. Timeline - all in September 1944
21st
Some British Troops reach Arnhem, rest set up defensive position west of Oosterbeek
19th
British 30th Corps reached the Americans but efforts to break through to Arnhem fail.
17th
Operation Market Garden Starts
Americans stopped from entering Nijmegen
18th
20th
The bridge at Nijmegen was captured by a combined US/GB assault.
AKHIL

5. British Tanks delayed by German attacks
24th
22nd
British Tanks delayed by German attacks
23rd
Attempt by Poles and 30th Corps to cross river at Arnhem fail
25th
Remnants of British 1st Airborne Division are withdrawn over the Rhine
AKHIL

6. Overconfidence...
AKHIL

7. Background Involved: Britain/US/Poland vs Germany
Germany OP. Overlord (Maps of History)
Allies push ahead, push Germans back through France and Belgium
Pushed to the Siegfried line
Spur of victory = overconfidence = proposition of Operation Market Garden (Bentley)
AKHIL

8. Influential People - Allies
Bernard Montgomery
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Proposed the Operation
Plan scaled down after criticism from Eisenhower (Sandvick)
Supreme commander of the Allied forces
Approved Operation after it was limited to sufficient parameters (Sandvick)
[5]
[6]
AKHIL
- dwight

9. Influential People - Axis
Erwin Rommel
Gerd von Rundstedt
Lead the resistance against the Allied forces (Bentley)
Field Marshal
Took over after Rommel gets injured (Bentley)
[7]
[8]
AKHIL

10. Poor Preparation...
BEN

11. Goals of the Operation
OVERALL - finish war early by outflanking the Germans (Badsey)
Bypass the Siegfried Line by going around the Northern end - Lower Countries (Maps of History)
Cross the Rhine (“Operation Market Garden”, NAM)
Gain access to Ruhr Valley, Germany’s industrial heartland (“Operation Market Garden”, NAM)
BEN
Where else have we seen the speculation that a certain war would end quickly, but ended up taking much, much longer?
Answer to the question - WW1 - thought the war would end extremely fast due to resource depletion
Why would this be so important?
Answer to the question - the Ruhr valley is important because it is Germany’s source of income, and taking that away would be catastrophic

12. Map
[3]
[1]
BEN

13. All except Arnhem...
STEVEN

14. Part 1 of 2 - Market, the Air
Who: 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions (Wilson)
Strategy:
Air dropping of troops
Objective:
Airborne units would seize key bridges/choke points on/near the Rhine river (“Operation Market Garden”, WW2)
Overtake the following bridges (Maps of History)
Meuse
Waal
Rhine
[2]
STEVEN
Why do you think taking bridges is important?
Answer to the question - controlling the bridges goes for easy transport and maneuvering of troops
[4]

15. Part 2 of 2 - Garden, the Ground
[9]
Who: British XXX (30th) corps mostly
Strategy:
Ground troops link up bridges that the paratroopers took over
Objective:
Secure gains made by airborne troops and move towards the north (“Operation Market Garden”, WW2)
Arnhem Bridge is the most important bridge to capture
[10]
STEVEN
Why do you think it would be the most important?
Answer to the question - as seen on the map, arnhem is the last bridge that if taken would allow the allies Northern access into Germany, which would be a major advantage
[3]

16. Problems with the Operation
Some idiot officer carried OP. Market Garden plan with him into battle, Germans find out (Hastings)
First drop - only one group goes down
“The lightly armed airborne forces were totally unprepared to deal with enemy armor units” (Dunnavent)
British don’t have the ammunition to counter German tanks (Maps of History)
STEVEN

17. Problems with the Operation
Failure at Arnhem:
A small force from the 1st airborne division eventually reaches Arnhem and tries to defend North end of bridge (Hastings)
Troops need support from Allied Ground troops, but they are delayed numerous times (Hastings)
Funneled through a single road area known as the Highway of Hell and Germans pick them off like fish in a barrel (Sandvick)
When the ground force arrives, the troops already there are pinned in the city (Hastings)
German artillery proves to be too much and there are not enough anti-tank weapons, food, or ammunition (Fielder)
STEVEN

18. Extending the War...

19. Results
Allied forces evacuated back from Rhine, although many were left behind (Hastings)
ALLIES LOST
18,000 Allied troops died or were captured
Liberated a part of the Netherlands (Ellis)
BEN
Ellis, Major L. F.; with Warhurst, Lieutenant-Colonel A. E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO 1968], Butler, J. R. M., ed., Victory in the West: The Defeat of Germany, History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series, II, Naval & Military Press, ISBN

20. Significance - Why is this OP. Important?
Allies’ ego is set straight - no more speculation about war ending early (it wouldn’t)
Another 6 months of fighting
Allies would have to fight on a broad front (National Army Museum)
Up to that point in the war, it was the largest airborne operation in history
STEVEN/AKHIL

21. Quiz Time!
Flip to the backside of your worksheet, where there are six multiple choice questions that you will be answering along to this HQ themed trivia video!
BEN

22. Works Cited - Sources
Badsey, Stephen, et al. “Operation Market-Garden.” Encyclopedia of World War II, Vol. 2, Facts On File, History, online.infobase.com/Auth/Index?aid=150531&itemid=WEHRC&articleId=
Bentley, Stewart W. “Operation MARKET-GARDEN: Historical Perspective for Future Combined Arms Deep Battle.” no. 15, , pp. 12–20., Accessed 2 May 2018.
Dunnavent, R. Blake. “Operation Market-Garden.” Encyclopedia of American Military History, Vol. 2, Facts On File, History, online.infobase.com/Auth/Index?aid=150531&itemid=WEHRC&articleId=
Ellis, L. F., et al. Victory in the West. Naval & Military Press, 2004.
Fielder, Mark. “History - World Wars: The Battle of Arnhem (Operation Market Garden).” BBC, BBC, 17 Feb. 2011,
Hastings, Max. Inferno - The World at War, Vintage Books, 2012.
Maps of History, director. Operation Market Garden. YouTube, YouTube, 31 Jan. 2017,
“Operation Market Garden.” National Army Museum,
“Operation Market Garden.” WW2 Timeline,
Sandvick, Clinton, and Edward Wheland. “Why Did Operation Market Garden in 1944 Fail?” DailyHistory, 11 Apr. 2018, 12:44, dailyhistory.org/Why_did_Operation_Market_Garden_in_1944_fail%3F.
Wilson, William. “Operation Market Garden: History's Greatest Airborne Assault.” HistoryNet, 12 June 2006,

23. Works Cited - Images
Full Image of Operation Market Garden Attacks.
Hail Mary in Holland.
Operation Market Garden Map/Visual. 2.bp.blogspot.com/-zPqK1E50Es0/ToSib_Xol8I/AAAAAAAAAVI/x61JwHyP_mg/s1600/Holland+Map.jpg.
Paratroopers Land in Holland. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden#/media/File:Waves_of_paratroops_land_in_Holland.jpg.
Picture of Bernard Montgomery. upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Bernard_Law_Montgomery.jpg.
Picture of Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Picture of Erwin Rommel. 2.bp.blogspot.com/-jCX04ItJEdo/T_nNLR0r_lI/AAAAAAAABvk/CxXL3fXzuf8/s1600/Erwin+Rommel+general+coat+ December+1943.jpg.
Picture of Gerd Von Rundstedt. upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S37772,_Gerd_v._Rundstedt.jpg.
Picture of Operation Market Garden Plans
Soldiers on Arnhem Bridge. media.iwm.org.uk/ciim5/36/863/large_ jpg*.