1. Business Process Reengineering
The search for, and implementation of, radical change in business process to achieve breakthrough results
Fortune Magazine

2. Software Engineering II
Lecture 41
Fakhar Lodhi

3. Recap

4. Business Processes
A business process is “a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business outcome”
The way certain business is conducted
Examples
Purchasing services and supplies
Hiring new employees
Paying suppliers

5. A BPR Model Business definition Refinement & instantiation Prototyping
Process
Identification
Process
Specification
Process
Evaluation

6. BPR Model Business Definition Business goals are identified
Key drivers
Cost reduction
Time reduction
Quality improvement
Personnel development and empowerment
May be defined at the business level or for a specific component of the business

7. Process Identification
Processes that are critical to achieving the goals
Ranked by
Importance
Need for change
Process Evaluation
Existing process is analyzed and measured
Process tasks are identified
The cost and time consumed is measured
The quality and performance problems are identified

8. Process specification and design
Use cases are prepared for each process to be redesigned
A new set of tasks are designed for the processes and then they are prototyped
Prototyping
A redesigned business process must be prototyped before it is fully integrated into the business
Refinement and Instantiation
Based on the feedback the business process is refined

9. Principles of BPR Organize around outcomes, not tasks
Have those who use the output of the process perform the process
Incorporate information processing work into the real work that produces the raw information
Treat geographically dispersed resources as though they were centralized
Link parallel activities instead of integrating their results
Put the decision point where the work is performed, and build control into the process
Capture data once, at its source

10. Philosophy
Refactoring is the process of changing a software system such that:
The external behavior of the system does not change
The internal structure of the system is improved
This is sometimes called “Improving the design after it has been written”

11. Fowler’s definition Refactoring (noun)
A change made to the internal structure of software to make it easier to understand and cheaper to modify without changing its observable behavior
Refactoring (verb)
To restructure software by applying a series of refactorings without changing its observable behavior