1. Congress of Vienna

2. Who was there? Austria- Klemens von Metternich
Prussia- Frederick Wilhelm III
Russia- Czar Alexander I
Britain- Duke of Wellington
France - Talleyrand

3. After Napoleon, European leaders wanted to restore stability
Congress of Vienna meetings in Vienna to achieve goal of security and stability in Europe

4. Metternich Restores Stability
Klemens von Metternich- Austrian minister
3 goals:
Prevent future French aggression
Restore balance of power
Restore Europe’s royal families to their thrones

5. Containment of France Creation of Kingdom of the Netherlands
German Confederation
Switzerland – independence
Genoa added to Sardinia

7. Balance of Power
Powers didn’t want to destroy France completely but strengthen neighboring powers
France kept its 1790 borders

8. Legitimacy Rulers back on thrones
Congress tried to be fair to avoid the seeds of war
No war between European powers until the Crimean war in 1853

9. Conservative Europe
1815- Holy Alliance- Russia, Austria, Prussia- kept absolute monarchies
Concert of Europe- series of alliance where nations help each other
Ideas of French Revolution still strong
France and Britain constitutional monarchies

10. Revolution in Latin America
Congress had restored Ferdinand VII to Spanish throne
Revolts against the king broke out in Spanish America (except in Mexico), so Spain tightened control and Mexico revolted and gained independence
Brazil followed and gained independence from Portugal

11. Long-Term Legacy Nationalism increased
Increase in principles of democracy