1. The War in Europe

2. German Aggression 1933: Begin _____________ military
1936: German troops reoccupy the _______________
*Both are a direct violation of the ____________ __ ___________ (military not to exceed 100,000 troops)
March 13, 1938: __________ _________
Sept. 29, 1938: _________________

3. Munich Pact Agreement between all major European powers & Germany
____________ & _____________________ excluded
Annexed 4 districts in Czechoslovakia, called it ___________________
__________: Germany invades rest of Czechoslovakia
-Neville Chamberlain, British PM

4. Appeasement
Making political or material ___________ to an enemy to avoid __________.
Was the policy used to address ___________ ________________.

5. Non-Aggression Pact Between ________ & __________ ______________
No military action against each other for ____ years
Germany uses this to invade _______
Broken in 1941

6. Blitzkrieg ______ _______ Literally means “________ _________”
Included air (___________) and ground attacks

7. Poland _________________: Invaded by Germans
Polish fought German tanks from horseback
Sept. 3rd: ________ & __________ declare war
Sept. 17th: _____________ invade from East
Sept. 28th: _________ falls

9. France Falls Sept. 3, 1939: Declares war on Germany
____________: Begin building defensive fortifications in Belgium to stop a German offensive (_______________)
__________: German Panzer corps pass into northern France
May 26-28: Evacuation of Allied Forces from ________ (338,326)
June 4: Dunkirk falls; ___________ French captured

10. France Cont. _____________: Sign armistice, out of the war
Germany secures the ____________, only has to fight USSR in the east
________ is lone power against Germany
“The Battle of France is over. I expect the Battle of Britain is about to begin.”
- Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister

13. Battle for Britain ______________: German Luftwaffe attacks Britain
German navy almost destroyed during battle for Norway, ground troops unable to cross to Britain
_____________________: some of the best pilots in the world
__________: 1st bombing raid on London successful
______________: 2nd bombing raid of London, heavy loss of German bombers
Hitler calls off invasion of Britain
RAF lost ______ of fighter pilots each month, Luftwaffe lost _________

14. Erwin Rommel
Field Marshal, leader of the 7th Panzer Division in Africa (Afrika Korps)
Most popular German general, loved by his men
Recalled to Europe in 1943 to defend the Atlantic coast
Focused on France in 1944
July 1944: Implicated in plot to kill Hitler
Forced to commit suicide

16. General Dwight D. Eisenhower
Headed invasion of _____________(1942)
Directed invasion of _________ (1943)
Supreme Commander of Allied Forces (________)
Planned Operation Overlord

17. General Bernard Montgomery
Most well-known ________ commander
Commander of the Eighth Army
During Normandy: Commander of all allied troops in France
Eisenhower took over in Sept. 1944

18. George Patton Started military career chasing Pancho Villa
Skilled at ______ warfare
Commanded _____________ (swept across France after D-Day)
Died Dec. 21, 1945 in Heidelberg, Germany (broke neck in car accident)

19. German opinion of Patton
“The greatest threat was the whereabouts of the feared U.S. Army. General Patton is always the topic of military discussion. Where is he? When will he attack? Where? How? With what? General Patton is the most feared general on all fronts…He is the most modern general and the best commander of armored and infantry troops combined.” -German Lieutenant Colonel Freiherr von Wangenheim

20. Operation Overlord

21. “The eyes of the world are upon you.” – General Eisenhower

22. Operation Overlord ___________ Invasion of ________ by Allied Forces
H – Hour of D – Day
Goal is to liberate _______________

23. The Invasion
June 6, 1944
5 beaches: _______, ________, _______, ________, _________
___________ Allied troops land at Normandy
_________ Americans
Utah
Omaha
15,500 paratroopers
Approximately ________ Americans died on Omaha

25. Quick Timeline
1:11: German C/O receives alert of paratroopers dropping
6/5, 17:00: Naval vessels assemble off Isle of Wight
5:23: Naval bombardment begins
21:00: Reinforcements arrive
11:30: Troops reach the cliffs at Omaha
18:00 German counter attack at Juno & Sword
June 6
20:00 British troops arrive at Bayeux (liberate the following day)
14:00: Control of the beaches
6:30: H-Hour, first seaborne troops land at Omaha & Utah
00:16: Gliders land near Nenouville, France
1:55: Paratroopers dropping in & around Sainte Mere-Eglise

27. Victory in Normandy Allies captured __________ by end of June
___________: France is liberated
Germany forced to fight on _____ _______

28. Casualties Allies Germans ________ American deaths
________ British & Canadian deaths
________ total casualties (killed, wounded, missing)
______ - ________ total casualties estimated
At least __________ total casualties

29. Operation Watch on the Rhine

30. What was it? Last major ________ ________ _________
Allies thought it to be impossible to do
Goal is to split the ______ _______
Weakest point is the American line in _______
Creates a 30 mile by 60 mile bubble in the line
I. 101st Airborne surrounded in town of _____________

31. Battle of the Bulge
___________ - ________: German offensive in the Ardennes Mountains (Belgium, France, & Luxembourg)
3 German armies, 250,00+ troops
Lieutenant General George Patton’s 3rd Army at _________ neutralized offensive there
U.S. Army suffered ___________+ casualties

32. American Army No _______ ________ Low ___________ Cold food, no fires
Many suffered from ________ ______

33. Victory in Europe ____________: Hitler commits suicide
___________: Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender to General Eisenhower
__________